0001713683-23-000113 | 10-K | XBRL Viewer

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Business Combinations - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands					1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Feb. 20, 2023	Jun. 17, 2022	Jun. 01, 2021	Apr. 15, 2021	Nov. 30, 2021	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill						$ 89,192	$ 78,547
Developed technology
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Developed technology, estimated useful life							3 years 7 months 6 days
Customer relationships
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Developed technology, estimated useful life							3 years 6 months
Canonic Security Technologies Ltd.
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Payments to acquire businesses, cash	$ 16,500
Goodwill	10,645
Deferred tax asset	781
Canonic Security Technologies Ltd. \| Developed technology
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Developed technology	$ 5,100					$ 5,100
Developed technology, estimated useful life	5 years					5 years
ShiftRight, Inc.
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Payments to acquire businesses, cash		$ 25,600
Goodwill		18,724
Acquisition related costs							$ 700
Acquisition, deferred tax liability		682
ShiftRight, Inc. \| Developed technology
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Developed technology		$ 7,100
Developed technology, estimated useful life		5 years
Smokescreen
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Payments to acquire businesses, cash			$ 11,700
Goodwill			5,686
Acquisition related costs								$ 500
Acquisition, deferred tax liability			1,558
Smokescreen \| Developed technology
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Developed technology			$ 5,600
Developed technology, estimated useful life			5 years
Smokescreen \| Customer relationships
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Developed technology			$ 2,100
Developed technology, estimated useful life			5 years
Trustdome
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Payments to acquire businesses, cash				$ 31,100
Goodwill				23,232
Acquisition related costs								$ 400
Acquisition, deferred tax liability				624
Trustdome \| Developed technology
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Developed technology				$ 7,200
Developed technology, estimated useful life				5 years
Business Acquisition 2022
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Payments to acquire businesses, cash					$ 400
Goodwill					800
Acquisition, deferred tax liability					400
Purchase price					2,100
Fair value of shares issued					1,700
Business Acquisition 2022 \| Developed technology
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Developed technology					$ 1,600
Developed technology, estimated useful life					5 years

Segment and Geographic Information (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Risks and Uncertainties [Abstract]

Schedule of Long-Lived Assets

Our long-lived assets consist of property and equipment and operating lease right-of-use assets, which are summarized by geographic area as follows:


	July 31,
	2023		2022

	(in thousands)
United States	$	213,611	$	155,625
Rest of the world	99,415		77,365
Total	$	313,026	$	232,990

Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Stock Options (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
Outstanding Stock Options
Beginning balance (in shares)	1,673,000
Granted (in shares)	50,000	0	0
Exercised (in shares)	(451,000)
Canceled, forfeited or expired (in shares)	(5,000)
Ending balance (in shares)	1,267,000	1,673,000
Exercisable and expected to vest (in shares)	1,210,000	1,501,000
Weighted-Average Exercise Price
Beginning balance (in dollars per share)	$ 11.81
Granted (in dollars per share)	152.99
Exercised (in dollars per share)	8.65
Canceled, forfeited or expired (in dollars per share)	7.80
Ending balance (in dollars per share)	18.54	$ 11.81
Exercisable and expected to vest (in dollars per share)	$ 12.82	$ 10.78
Additional Disclosures
Options outstanding, weighted average remaining contractual term	2 years 1 month 6 days	2 years 6 months
Exercisable and expected to vest, weighted average remaining contractual term	1 year 9 months 18 days	2 years 4 months 24 days
Options outstanding, aggregate intrinsic value	$ 179,678	$ 240,286
Exercised, aggregate intrinsic value	56,459	230,100	$ 421,800
Exercisable and expected to vest, aggregate intrinsic value	$ 178,616	$ 216,539

Stock-Based Compensation

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Stock-Based Compensation

Equity Incentive Plan

We adopted the Fiscal Year 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2018 Plan") in fiscal 2018 and the 2007 Stock Plan (the "2007 Plan") in fiscal 2008, collectively referred to as the "Plans." Equity incentive awards which may be granted to eligible participants under the Plans include restricted stock units, restricted stock, stock options, nonstatutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, performance units and performance shares. With the establishment of the 2018 Plan, we no longer grant stock-based awards under the 2007 Plan and any shares underlying stock options that expire or terminate or are forfeited or repurchased by us under the 2007 Plan are automatically transferred to the 2018 Plan.

As of July 31, 2023, a total of 45.8 million shares of common stock have been reserved for the issuance of equity awards under the 2018 Plan, of which 27.9 million shares were available for grant. The number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2018 Plan also includes an annual increase on the first day of each fiscal year pursuant to its automatic annual increase provision.

Stock Options

The activity of stock options for fiscal 2023 consisted of the following:


		Outstanding Stock Options	Weighted-Average Exercise Price	Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value

	(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Balance as of July 31, 2022		1,673	$11.81	2.5	$	240,286
Granted		50	$152.99
Exercised		(451)	$8.65		$	56,459
Canceled, forfeited or expired		(5)	$7.80
Balance as of July 31, 2023		1,267	$18.54	2.1	$	179,678
Exercisable and expected to vest as of July 31, 2022		1,501	$10.78	2.4	$	216,539
Exercisable and expected to vest as of July 31, 2023		1,210	$12.82	1.8	$	178,616

The aggregate intrinsic value of the options exercised represents the difference between the fair value of our common stock on the date of exercise and their exercise price. The total intrinsic value of options exercised for fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021 was $56.5 million, $230.1 million and $421.8 million, respectively. The weighted-average grant-date fair value per share of stock-options granted in fiscal 2023 was $152.99.

We estimated the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:


									Year Ended July 31(1)
									2023
Expected term (in years)									6.1
Expected stock price volatility									58.2%
Risk-free interest rate									3.9%
Dividend yield									0.0%

(1) There were no stock options granted during fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021.

Restricted Stock Units and Performance Stock Awards

The 2018 Plan allows for the grant of RSUs. Generally, RSUs are subject to a four-year vesting period, with 25% of the shares vesting approximately one year from the vesting commencing date and quarterly thereafter over the remaining vesting term.

The 2018 Plan allows for the grant of PSAs. The right to earn the PSAs is subject to achievement of the defined performance metrics and continuous employment service. The performance metrics are defined and approved by the compensation committee of our board of directors or by our senior management for certain types of awards. Generally, earned PSAs are subject to additional time-based vesting.

As of July 31, 2023, the number of outstanding PSAs for which the performance metrics have not been defined as of such date was not material. Accordingly, such awards are not considered granted for accounting purposes as of July 31, 2023 and have been excluded from the below table.

The activity of RSUs and PSAs consisted of the following for fiscal 2023:


	Underlying Shares	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value	Aggregate Intrinsic Value

	(in thousands, except per share data)
Balance as of July 31, 2022	7,388	$157.17	$	1,145,526
Granted	6,531	$124.57
Vested	(3,179)	$139.43	$	462,289
Canceled or forfeited	(1,389)	$160.38
Balance as of July 31, 2023	9,351	$139.95	$	1,499,714

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

We adopted the Fiscal Year 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "ESPP") in the third quarter of fiscal 2018. As of July 31, 2023, a total of 8.8 million shares of common stock have been reserved for issuance under the ESPP, out of which 4.7 million shares were available for grant. The number of shares reserved includes an annual increase on the first day of each fiscal year pursuant to its automatic annual increase provision. The ESPP provides for consecutive offering periods that will typically have a duration of approximately 24 months in length and is comprised of four purchase periods of approximately six months in length. The offering periods are scheduled to start on the first trading day on or after June 15 and December 15 of each year. During fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, employees purchased approximately 0.4 million, 0.3 million

and 0.3 million shares of common stock, respectively, under the ESPP at an average purchase price of $99.59, $108.61 and $75.92, respectively, with proceeds of $42.3 million, $34.6 million and $25.7 million, respectively.

ESPP employee payroll contributions accrued as of July 31, 2023 and 2022, was $7.4 million and $4.7 million, respectively, and are included within accrued compensation in the consolidated balance sheets. Payroll contributions accrued as of July 31, 2023 will be used to purchase shares at the end of the current ESPP purchase period ending on December 15, 2023. Payroll contributions ultimately used to purchase shares are reclassified to stockholders' equity on the purchase date.

In December 2022, certain outstanding ESPP offering periods were reset and automatically rolled over into a new ESPP offering period that started on December 15, 2022. The reset was accounted for as a modification, which resulted in an incremental stock-based compensation of $8.3 million, which has been recognized over the remaining term of the modified ESPP offering periods, ranging from approximately 6 months to 18 months.

The fair value of the purchase right for the ESPP was estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:


	Year Ended July 31,
	2023	2022	2021
Expected term (in years)	0.5 - 2.0	0.5 - 2.0	0.5 - 2.0
Expected stock price volatility	58.1% - 75.9%	44.1% - 79.4%	46.2% - 67.4%
Risk-free interest rate	4.2% - 5.3%	0.1% - 3.2%	0.1% - 0.2%
Dividend yield	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%

Deferred Merger Consideration

In connection with certain business acquisitions, as further described in Note 6, Business Combinations, certain former employees of the acquired companies who became our employees are entitled to receive deferred merger consideration payable in shares of our common stock with an aggregate fair value of $3.8 million and $17.0 million for fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2022, respectively. The number of unvested shares of common stock issued in connection with these business acquisitions was not material. These awards are subject to future employment services and are recognized as stock-based compensation expense over the requisite service period within research and development expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. The related stock-based compensation expense was not material for any of the periods presented.

Departure of the President of the Company

In October 2022, our President, who led research and development activities, resigned from his position as President of the Company, but continues to serve as a member of our Board of Directors. In connection with his resignation as President of the Company, we recognized a reversal of stock-based compensation of $9.9 million associated with the cancellation of unvested incentive equity awards, which was recognized in research and development expenses in the consolidated statement of operations for the fiscal 2023.

Modification of Equity Incentive Awards

During the fiscal 2023, we modified the equity incentive awards of certain employees. In accordance with the accounting for the modification, we recognized stock-based compensation expense of $6.0 million in research and development expenses and $1.3 million in sales and marketing expenses in the consolidated statement of operations for the

fiscal 2023. The stock-based compensation expense from modified equity incentive awards in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021 was not material.

Stock-based Compensation Expense

The components of stock-based compensation expense recognized in the consolidated statements of operations consisted of the following:


	Year Ended July 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(in thousands)
Cost of revenue	$	39,168	$	23,847	$	14,036
Sales and marketing	215,597		191,091		133,115
Research and development	117,915		118,299		67,803
General and administrative	71,118		76,325		43,581
Restructuring and other charges	1,036		—		—
Total	$	444,834	$	409,562	$	258,535

As of July 31, 2023, the unrecognized stock-based compensation cost related to outstanding equity-based awards, including awards for which the service inception date has been met but the grant date has not been met, was $1,184.8 million, which we expect to be amortized over a weighted-average period of 2.9 years.

During fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, we capitalized $17.2 million, $11.5 million and $6.3 million, respectively, of stock-based compensation associated with the development of software for internal-use.

Income Taxes - Schedule of Reconciliation of Effective Income Tax Rate (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Tax at federal statutory rate	21.00%	21.00%	21.00%
State taxes	(2.10%)	(0.10%)	0.00%
Impact of foreign rate differential	10.10%	(0.40%)	0.40%
Stock-based compensation	(0.80%)	17.60%	43.90%
U.S. tax credits	8.60%	3.90%	4.10%
Change in valuation allowance	(34.10%)	(43.60%)	(70.60%)
Withholding tax	(1.30%)	(0.20%)	(0.70%)
Waived deductions under Section 59A	(11.80%)	0.00%	0.00%
Other	(0.50%)	0.10%	0.00%
Effective tax rate	(10.90%)	(1.70%)	(1.90%)

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis

Assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis consisted of the following as of July 31, 2023:


			Level I		Level II		Level III
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs

	(in thousands)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	768,003	$	768,003	$	—	$	—
U.S. treasury securities	157,220		—		157,220		—
U.S. government agency securities	166,636		—		166,636		—
Corporate debt securities	38,800		—		38,800		—
Total cash equivalents	$	1,130,659	$	768,003	$	362,656	$	—

Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury securities	$	173,576	$	—	$	173,576	$	—
U.S. government agency securities	262,095		—		262,095		—
Corporate debt securities	402,355		—		402,355		—
Total short-term investments	$	838,026	$	—	$	838,026	$	—

Total cash equivalents and short-term investments	$	1,968,685	$	768,003	$	1,200,682	$	—

Designated derivative instruments:
Foreign currency contracts assets-current (1)	$	12,581	$	—	$	12,581	$	—
Foreign currency contracts assets-noncurrent (2)	$	2,264	$	—	$	2,264	$	—

Foreign currency contracts liabilities-current (3)	$	1,452	$	—	$	1,452	$	—
Foreign currency contracts liabilities-noncurrent (4)	$	669	$	—	$	669	$	—
Interest rate contracts liabilities-current (3)	$	6,439	$	—	$	6,439	$	—
Interest rate contracts liabilities-noncurrent (4)	$	1,588	$	—	$	1,588	$	—

Non-designated derivative instruments:
Foreign currency contracts assets-current (1)	$	2,061	$	—	$	2,061	$	—
Foreign currency contracts liabilities-current (3)	$	465	$	—	$	465	$	—

(1) Included within prepaid expenses and other current assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

(2) Included within other noncurrent assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

(3) Included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

(4) Included within other noncurrent liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

Assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis consisted of the following as of July 31, 2022:


			Level I		Level II		Level III
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs

	(in thousands)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	247,613	$	247,613	$	—	$	—
U.S. treasury securities	202,708		—		202,708		—
U.S. government agency securities	135,489		—		135,489		—
Corporate debt securities	106,272		—		106,272		—
Total	$	692,082	$	247,613	$	444,469	$	—

Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury securities	$	95,848	$	—	$	95,848	$	—
U.S. government agency securities	333,335		—		333,335		—
Corporate debt securities	288,946		—		288,946		—
Total	$	718,129	$	—	$	718,129	$	—

Total cash equivalents and short-term investments	$	1,410,211	$	247,613	$	1,162,598	$	—

Designated derivative instruments:
Foreign currency contracts assets-current (1)	$	178	$	—	$	178	$	—
Foreign currency contracts assets-noncurrent (2)	$	17	$	—	$	17	$	—
Foreign currency contracts liabilities-current (3)	$	10,921	$	—	$	10,921	$	—
Foreign currency contracts liabilities-noncurrent (4)	$	588	$	—	$	588	$	—

Non-designated derivative instruments:
Foreign currency contracts assets-current (1)	$	452	$	—	$	452	$	—
Foreign currency contracts liabilities-current (3)	$	3,427	$	—	$	3,427	$	—

(1) Included within prepaid expenses and other current assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

(2) Included within other noncurrent assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

(3) Included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

(4) Included within other noncurrent liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

Schedule of Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis

Assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis consisted of the following as of July 31, 2023:


			Level I		Level II		Level III
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs

	(in thousands)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	768,003	$	768,003	$	—	$	—
U.S. treasury securities	157,220		—		157,220		—
U.S. government agency securities	166,636		—		166,636		—
Corporate debt securities	38,800		—		38,800		—
Total cash equivalents	$	1,130,659	$	768,003	$	362,656	$	—

Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury securities	$	173,576	$	—	$	173,576	$	—
U.S. government agency securities	262,095		—		262,095		—
Corporate debt securities	402,355		—		402,355		—
Total short-term investments	$	838,026	$	—	$	838,026	$	—

Total cash equivalents and short-term investments	$	1,968,685	$	768,003	$	1,200,682	$	—

Designated derivative instruments:
Foreign currency contracts assets-current (1)	$	12,581	$	—	$	12,581	$	—
Foreign currency contracts assets-noncurrent (2)	$	2,264	$	—	$	2,264	$	—

Foreign currency contracts liabilities-current (3)	$	1,452	$	—	$	1,452	$	—
Foreign currency contracts liabilities-noncurrent (4)	$	669	$	—	$	669	$	—
Interest rate contracts liabilities-current (3)	$	6,439	$	—	$	6,439	$	—
Interest rate contracts liabilities-noncurrent (4)	$	1,588	$	—	$	1,588	$	—

Non-designated derivative instruments:
Foreign currency contracts assets-current (1)	$	2,061	$	—	$	2,061	$	—
Foreign currency contracts liabilities-current (3)	$	465	$	—	$	465	$	—

(1) Included within prepaid expenses and other current assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

(2) Included within other noncurrent assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

(3) Included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

(4) Included within other noncurrent liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

Assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis consisted of the following as of July 31, 2022:


			Level I		Level II		Level III
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs

	(in thousands)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	247,613	$	247,613	$	—	$	—
U.S. treasury securities	202,708		—		202,708		—
U.S. government agency securities	135,489		—		135,489		—
Corporate debt securities	106,272		—		106,272		—
Total	$	692,082	$	247,613	$	444,469	$	—

Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury securities	$	95,848	$	—	$	95,848	$	—
U.S. government agency securities	333,335		—		333,335		—
Corporate debt securities	288,946		—		288,946		—
Total	$	718,129	$	—	$	718,129	$	—

Total cash equivalents and short-term investments	$	1,410,211	$	247,613	$	1,162,598	$	—

Designated derivative instruments:
Foreign currency contracts assets-current (1)	$	178	$	—	$	178	$	—
Foreign currency contracts assets-noncurrent (2)	$	17	$	—	$	17	$	—
Foreign currency contracts liabilities-current (3)	$	10,921	$	—	$	10,921	$	—
Foreign currency contracts liabilities-noncurrent (4)	$	588	$	—	$	588	$	—

Non-designated derivative instruments:
Foreign currency contracts assets-current (1)	$	452	$	—	$	452	$	—
Foreign currency contracts liabilities-current (3)	$	3,427	$	—	$	3,427	$	—

(1) Included within prepaid expenses and other current assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

(2) Included within other noncurrent assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

(3) Included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

(4) Included within other noncurrent liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenue	$ 1,616,952	$ 1,090,946	$ 673,100
Cost of revenue	362,832	242,282	150,317
Gross profit	1,254,120	848,664	522,783
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing	953,864	735,219	459,407
Research and development	349,735	289,139	174,653
General and administrative	177,544	151,735	96,535
Restructuring and other charges	7,600	0	0
Total operating expenses	1,488,743	1,176,093	730,595
Loss from operations	(234,623)	(327,429)	(207,812)
Interest income	60,462	4,586	2,812
Interest expense	(6,541)	(56,579)	(53,364)
Other income (expense), net	(1,862)	(4,208)	1,186
Loss before income taxes	(182,564)	(383,630)	(257,178)
Provision for income taxes	19,771	6,648	4,851
Net loss	$ (202,335)	$ (390,278)	$ (262,029)
Net loss per share, basic (in dollars per share)	$ (1.40)	$ (2.77)	$ (1.93)
Net loss per share, diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (1.40)	$ (2.77)	$ (1.93)
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share, basic (in shares)	144,942	140,895	135,654
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share, diluted (in shares)	144,942	140,895	135,654

Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments - Schedule of Maturities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022
Amortized Cost
Due within one year	$ 409,026
Due between one to three years	439,334
Amortized Cost	848,360	$ 730,014
Fair Value
Due within one year	406,681
Due between one to three years	431,345
Fair Value	$ 838,026	$ 718,129

Convertible Senior Notes - Interest Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Contractual interest expense	$ 1,439	$ 1,438	$ 1,441
Amortization of debt discount	0	52,358	49,302
Amortization of debt issuance costs	3,894	2,783	2,621
Total	$ 5,333	$ 56,579	$ 53,364

Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Jul. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Description of the Business Zscaler, Inc. ("Zscaler," the "Company," "we," "us," or "our") is a cloud security company that developed a platform incorporating core security functionalities needed to enable fast and secure access to cloud resources based on identity, context and organization’s policies. Our solution is a purpose-built, multi-tenant, distributed cloud platform that incorporates the security functionality needed to enable users, applications, and devices to safely and efficiently utilize authorized applications and services based on an organization’s business policies. We deliver our solutions using a software-as-a-service ("SaaS") business model and sell subscriptions to customers to access our cloud platform, together with related support services. We were incorporated in Delaware in September 2007 and conduct business worldwide, with presence in North America, Europe and Asia. Our headquarters are in San Jose, California. Fiscal Year Our fiscal year ends on July 31. References to fiscal 2023, for example, refer to our fiscal year ended July 31, 2023. Principles of Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries and have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("GAAP"). All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Use of Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Such estimates include, but are not limited to, the determination of revenue recognition, deferred revenue, deferred contract acquisition costs, capitalized internal-use software, valuation of acquired intangible assets, period of benefit generated from our deferred contract acquisition costs, allowance for doubtful accounts, valuation of common stock options and stock-based awards, useful lives of property and equipment, useful lives of acquired intangible assets, recoverability of goodwill, valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, loss contingencies related to litigation, fair value of convertible senior notes and the discount rate used for operating leases. Management determines these estimates and assumptions based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable. Actual results could differ significantly from these estimates, and such differences may be material to the consolidated financial statements. Due to uncertainty in the macroeconomic environment, including effects of COVID-19 and inflation, there is ongoing disruption in the global economy and financial markets. We are not aware of any specific event or circumstances that would require an update to our estimates, judgments or assumptions or a revision to the carrying value of our assets or liabilities as of the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements. These estimates, judgments and assumptions may change in the future, as new events occur or additional information is obtained. Foreign Currency The functional currency of our foreign subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, monetary assets and liabilities of our foreign subsidiaries are re-measured into U.S. dollars at the exchange rates in effect at the reporting date, non-monetary assets and liabilities are re-measured at historical rates, revenue and expenses are re-measured at average exchange rates in effect during each reporting period. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are recorded in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations. Foreign currency remeasurement gains and losses and foreign currency transaction gains and losses are not significant to the consolidated financial statements. Concentration of Risks We generate revenue primarily from sale of subscriptions to access our cloud platform, together with related support services. Our sales team, along with our channel partner network of global telecommunications service providers, system integrators and value-added resellers (collectively "channel partners"), sells our services worldwide to organizations of all sizes. Due to the nature of our services and the terms and conditions of our contracts with our channel partners, our business could be affected unfavorably if we are not able to continue our relationships with them. Our financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments and accounts receivable. Although we deposit our cash with multiple financial institutions, the deposits, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. Cash equivalents and short-term investments consist of highly liquid investments in money market funds, U.S. treasury, U.S. agency securities and corporate debt securities, which are invested through financial institutions in the United States. We grant credit to our customers in the normal course of business. We monitor the financial condition of our customers to reduce credit risk. Refer to Note 2, Revenue Recognition, for information regarding customers with concentration of 10% or more of the total balance of accounts receivable, net. Segment Information We operate as one reportable and operating segment. Our chief operating decision maker is our chief executive officer, who reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions, assessing financial performance and allocating resources. Revenue Recognition In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 606, Revenue From Contracts With Customers ("ASC 606"), revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised services. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration that we expect to be entitled to receive in exchange for these services. To achieve the core principle of this standard, we apply the following five steps: 1) Identify the contract with a customer We consider the terms and conditions of the contracts and our customary business practices in identifying our contracts under ASC 606. We determine we have a contract with a customer when the contract is approved, we can identify each party’s rights regarding the services to be transferred, we can identify the payment terms for the services, we have determined the customer has the ability and intent to pay and the contract has commercial substance. We apply judgment in determining the customer’s ability and intent to pay, which is based on a variety of factors, including the customer’s historical payment experience or, in the case of a new customer, credit and financial information pertaining to the customer. 2) Identify the performance obligations in the contract Performance obligations promised in a contract are identified based on the services that will be transferred to the customer that are both capable of being distinct, whereby the customer can benefit from the service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available from third parties or from us, and are distinct in the context of the contract, whereby the transfer of the services is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. Our performance obligations consist of (i) our subscription and support services and (ii) professional and other services. 3) Determine the transaction price The transaction price is determined based on the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for transferring services to the customer. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price if, in our judgment, it is probable that a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue under the contract will not occur. None of our contracts contain a significant financing component. 4) Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation. Contracts that contain multiple performance obligations require an allocation of the transaction price to each performance obligation based on a relative standalone selling price ("SSP"). 5) Recognize revenue when or as we satisfy a performance obligation Revenue is recognized at the time the related performance obligation is satisfied by transferring the promised service to a customer. Revenue is recognized when control of the services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration that we expect to receive in exchange for those services. We generate all our revenue from contracts with customers and apply judgment in identifying and evaluating any terms and conditions in contracts which may impact revenue recognition. Subscription and Support Revenue We generate revenue primarily from sales of subscriptions to access our cloud platform, together with related support services to our customers. Arrangements with customers do not provide the customer with the right to take possession of our software operating our cloud platform at any time. Instead, customers are granted continuous access to our cloud platform over the contractual period. A time-elapsed output method is used to measure progress because we transfer control evenly over the contractual period. Accordingly, the fixed consideration related to subscription and support revenue is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract term beginning on the date that our service is made available to the customer. The typical subscription and support term is one to three years. Most of our contracts are non-cancelable over the contractual term. Customers typically have the right to terminate their contracts for cause if we fail to perform in accordance with the contractual terms. Some of our customers have the option to purchase additional subscription and support services at a stated price. These options generally do not provide a material right as they are priced at our SSP. Professional and Other Services Revenue Professional and other services revenue consists of fees associated with providing deployment advisory services that educate and assist our customers on the best use of our solutions, as well as advise customers on best practices as they deploy our solution. These services are distinct from subscription and support services. Professional services do not result in significant customization of the subscription service. Revenue from professional services provided on a time and materials basis is recognized as the services are performed. Total professional and other services revenue has historically not been material. Contracts with Multiple Performance Obligations Most of our contracts with customers contain multiple promised services consisting of: (i) our subscription and support services and (ii) professional and other services that are distinct and accounted for separately. The transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations on a relative SSP basis. We determine SSP based on our overall pricing objectives, taking into consideration the type of subscription and support services and professional and other services, the geographical region of the customer and the number of users. Variable Consideration Revenue from sales is recorded at the net sales price, which is the transaction price, and includes estimates of variable consideration. The amount of variable consideration that is included in the transaction price is constrained and is included in the net sales price only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of the cumulative revenue will not occur when the uncertainty is resolved. If our services do not meet certain service level commitments, our customers are entitled to receive service credits, and in certain cases, refunds, each representing a form of variable consideration. We have historically not experienced any significant incidents affecting the defined levels of reliability and performance as required by our subscription contracts. Accordingly, estimated refunds related to these agreements were not material to the periods presented. We provide rebates and other credits within our contracts with certain customers, which are estimated based on the value expected to be earned or claimed on the related sales transaction. Overall, the transaction price is reduced to reflect our estimate of the amount of consideration to which we are entitled based on the terms of the contract. Estimated rebates and other credits were not material during the periods presented. Accounts Receivable and Allowance Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and are non-interest bearing. Accounts receivable are stated at their net realizable value, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. We have a well-established collections history from our customers. Credit is extended to customers based on an evaluation of their financial condition and other factors. In determining the necessary allowance for doubtful accounts, we estimate the lifetime expected credit losses against the existing accounts receivable balance. Our estimate is based on certain factors including historical loss rates, current economic conditions, reasonable and supportable forecasts and customer-specific circumstances. The allowance for doubtful accounts has historically not been material. There were no material write-offs recognized in the periods presented. Accordingly, the movements in the allowance for doubtful accounts were not material for any of the periods presented. We do not have any off-balance-sheet credit exposure related to our customers. Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments We classify all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of 90 days or less from the date of purchase as cash equivalents and all highly liquid investments with original maturities beyond 90 days at the time of purchase as short-term investments. Our cash equivalents and short-term investments consist of highly liquid investments in money market funds, U.S. treasury securities, U.S. government agency securities and corporate debt securities. We classify our investments as available-for-sale investments and present them within current assets since these investments represent funds available for current operations and we have the ability and intent, if necessary, to liquidate any of these investments in order to meet our liquidity needs or to grow our business, including for potential business acquisitions or other strategic transactions. Our investments are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses unrelated to credit loss factors reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI"). Our investments are reviewed periodically when there is a decline in a security’s fair value below the amortized cost basis. We consider our intent to sell and whether it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the securities before the recovery of its cost basis. If either of these criteria are triggered, the amortized cost basis of the debt security is written down to fair value through other income (expense), net. If neither criteria is met, we evaluate whether the decline in fair value below the amortized cost basis is related to credit-related factors or other factors such as interest rate fluctuations. The factors considered in this analysis include the extent the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis, whether there were changes to the rating of the security by a ratings agency, whether the issuer has failed to make scheduled interest payments and other adverse conditions as applicable. Credit-related impairment losses, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis, are recorded through an allowance for credit losses in other income (expense), net. For purposes of identifying and measuring credit-related impairments, our policy is to exclude the applicable accrued interest from both the fair value and amortized cost basis of the related debt security. Accrued interest receivable, net of the allowance for credit losses, if any, is recorded to prepaid expenses and other current assets. There were no credit-related impairments recognized on our investments during the periods presented. Interest income, amortization (accretion) of investments purchased at a premium (discount) and realized gains and losses are included in interest income in the consolidated statements of operations. We use the specific identification method to determine the cost in calculating realized gains and losses upon the sale of these investments. Strategic Investments Our strategic investments consist of non-marketable equity investments of privately held companies. Investments in non-marketable equity investments of privately held companies without readily determinable fair values are measured using the measurement alternative, as we have less than 20% ownership and do not have the ability to exercise significant influence over their operations. The carrying amount of non-marketable equity investments is adjusted based on observable price changes from orderly transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer and by impairments when events or circumstances indicate a decline in value has occurred. Non-marketable equity investments that have been remeasured during the period due to an observable event or impairment are classified within Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy because we estimate the value based on valuation methods which may include a combination of the observable transaction price at the transaction date and other unobservable inputs including volatility, rights, and obligations of the investments we hold. Our strategic investments are included within other noncurrent assets in the consolidated balance sheets and adjustments to their carrying amounts are recorded in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations. There were no material events or circumstances impacting the carrying amount of our strategic investments during the periods presented. Fair Value of Financial Instruments Our financial instruments consist of cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, derivative instruments and convertible senior notes. Cash equivalents and short-term investments are recorded at fair value. Accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities are stated at their carrying value, which approximates fair value due to the short-time to the expected receipt or payment date. Assets recorded at fair value on a recurring basis in the consolidated balance sheets, consisting of cash equivalents and short-term investments, are categorized in accordance with the fair value hierarchy based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair values. Through July 31, 2022, we carried the convertible senior notes at the initially allocated liability value less unamortized debt discount and issuance costs on our consolidated balance sheet. Effective August 1, 2022, upon adoption of ASU 2020-06, we carry the convertible senior notes at face value less debt issuance costs on our consolidated balance sheet. For further information, refer to Convertible Senior Notes section in this Note 1, Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. The fair value of the convertible senior notes is presented at each reporting period for disclosure purposes only. Property and Equipment Property and equipment, net are stated at historical cost net of accumulated depreciation. Property and equipment, excluding leasehold improvements, are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, generally ranging from three to five years. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful lives of the respective assets or the lease term. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred and significant improvements and betterments that substantially enhance the life of an asset are capitalized. Capitalized Internal-Use Software We capitalize certain costs incurred during the application development stage in connection with software development for our cloud security platform. Costs related to preliminary project activities and post-implementation activities are expensed as incurred. Capitalized costs are recorded as part of property and equipment in the consolidated balance sheets. Maintenance and training costs are expensed as incurred. Capitalized internal-use software is amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life, which is generally three years, and is recorded as cost of revenue in the consolidated statements of operations. Capitalization of development costs, inclusive of stock-based compensation, of software for internal-use in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021 was $48.6 million, $32.7 million and $16.5 million, respectively. Amortization expense of capitalized software for internal-use in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021 was $24.2 million, $13.0 million and $5.9 million, respectively. Business Combinations We account for our business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting, which requires, among other things, allocation of the fair value of purchase consideration to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values on the acquisition date. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. When determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, we make estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets. Our estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. During the measurement period, not to exceed one year from the date of acquisition, we may record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with a corresponding offset to goodwill if new information is obtained related to facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date. After the measurement period, any subsequent adjustments are reflected in the consolidated statements of operations. Acquisition costs, such as legal and consulting fees, are expensed as incurred. Goodwill and Other Long-Lived Assets, including Acquired Intangible Assets Goodwill represents the excess of the fair value of purchase consideration in a business combination over the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill amounts are not amortized, but rather tested for impairment at least annually or more often if circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. There was no impairment of goodwill during any of the periods presented. Acquired intangible assets consist of identifiable intangible assets, including developed technology and customer relationships, resulting from business combinations. Acquired finite-lived intangible assets are initially recorded at fair value and are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Amortization expense of developed technology and customer relationships is recorded primarily within cost of revenues and sales and marketing expenses, respectively, in the consolidated statements of operations. Long-lived assets, such as property and equipment and acquired intangible assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. We measure the recoverability of these assets by comparing the carrying amounts to the future undiscounted cash flows that these assets are expected to generate. If the total of the future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying amount of an asset, we record an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value. In fiscal 2023 and 2022, there were no asset impairments. In fiscal 2021, we recognized asset impairments of $0.4 million in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statement of operations related primarily to the abandonment of a leased facility and relocation of our corporate headquarters. Restructuring and Other Charges Restructuring and other charges occur when we commit to a restructuring plan, the restructuring plan identifies all significant actions, the period of time to complete the restructuring plan indicates that significant changes to the restructuring plan are not likely and employees who are impacted have been notified of the pending involuntary termination. A restructuring plan generally includes significant actions involving employee-related severance charges, employee-related benefits, stock-based compensation expense related to the modification of equity incentive awards and other charges associated with the restructuring (the "restructuring charges"). Restructuring charges are accrued in the period in which it is probable that the employees are entitled to the restructuring benefits and the amounts can be reasonably estimated. Restructuring charges are recorded within restructuring and other charges in the consolidated statement of operations. The restructuring liability accrued but not paid at the end of the reporting period is included within accrued compensation in the consolidated balance sheets. Derivative Instruments We enter into foreign currency forward contracts, a portion of which we designate as cash flow hedges, in order to manage the volatility of cash flows that relate to our cost of revenues and operating expenses denominated in foreign currencies. We also use interest rate swaps to economically convert a certain tranche of our fixed interest rate convertible senior notes to floating interest rates, in order to match the floating rate nature of a portion of our cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments. These interest rate swaps are designated as fair value hedges, and changes in fair value of the interest rate swaps offset the changes in fair market value of the convertible senior notes due to benchmark interest rate movements. Gains or losses related to our fair value hedges are included within interest expense in the consolidated statement of operations in the period of change together with the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributed to the risk being hedged. We measure hedge effectiveness of the interest rate swaps using regression analysis at inception and periodically thereafter. Gains or losses related to our cash flow hedges are recorded as a component of AOCI in the consolidated statements of stockholders' equity until the forecasted transaction occurs in earnings. When the forecasted transaction occurs, the related gains and losses are reclassified into earnings within the financial statement line item associated with the underlying hedged transaction. If the underlying hedged transaction does not occur, or it becomes probable that the hedged transaction will not occur, the cumulative unrealized gain or loss is reclassified immediately from AOCI into earnings within the financial statement line item associated with the underlying hedged transaction. We measure hedge effectiveness using regression analysis at hedge inception and periodically thereafter. We include time value in our effectiveness assessment. We recognize changes in the fair value of non-designated derivative instruments within other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations in the same period that the fair value measurement occurs. All of our derivative instruments are measured at fair value. We have elected to present the derivative assets and derivative liabilities on a gross basis on the consolidated balance sheets. Derivative instruments are classified in the consolidated statements of cash flows as cash from operating activities, which reflect the classification of the underlying hedged transactions. Operating Leases We enter into operating lease arrangements for real estate assets related to office space and co-location assets related to space and racks at data center facilities. We determine if an arrangement contains a lease at its inception by assessing whether there is an identified asset and whether the arrangement conveys the right to control the use of the identified asset in exchange for consideration. Operating leases related balances are included in "operating lease right-of-use assets," "operating lease liabilities," and "operating lease liabilities, noncurrent" in the consolidated balance sheets. Right-of-use assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make payments arising from the lease. Operating lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Lease payments consist of the fixed payments under the arrangement. The operating lease liabilities are adjusted for any unpaid lease incentives, such as tenant improvement allowances. Variable costs, such as maintenance and utilities based on actual usage, are not included in the measurement of right-to-use assets and lease liabilities but are expensed when the event determining the amount of variable consideration to be paid occurs. As the implicit rate of our leases is not determinable, we use an incremental borrowing rate ("IBR") based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We generally use the base, non-cancelable lease term when recognizing the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities, unless it is reasonably certain that a renewal or termination option will be exercised. We account for lease components and non-lease components as a single lease component. Leases with a term of twelve months or less are not recognized on the consolidated balance sheets. Stock-Based Compensation Compensation expense related to stock-based awards granted to employees and non-employees is calculated based on the fair value of stock-based awards on the date of grant. We recognize stock-based compensation expense over an award’s requisite service period based on the award’s fair value. Stock-based compensation for common stock options is recognized based on the fair value of the awards granted, determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Stock-based compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, generally four years. Stock-based compensation for purchase rights granted under the employee stock purchase plan is based on the fair value of the number of awards estimated at the beginning of the offering period, as determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Stock-based compensation expense is recognized following the straight-line attribution method over the offering period. Stock-based compensation for restricted stock units is measured based on the market closing price of our common stock on the grant date. Stock-based compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, generally four years. Stock-based compensation for performance stock awards (“PSAs”), which have the same grant date and service inception date, is based on the probable number of shares to be attained and the market closing price of our common stock at the grant date. For PSAs where the service inception date of the awards precedes the grant date, stock-based compensation expense is recognized based on the number of PSAs for which it is probable that the performance condition will be met, using the accelerated attribution method and the market closing price of our common stock at each reporting date up to the grant date. The number of these PSAs for which it is probable that the performance condition will be met is determined using management’s best estimate at the end of each reporting period. At the completion of the performance period for these PSAs, any earned PSAs are granted upon approval of the compensation committee of our board of directors. Convertible Senior Notes We adopted Financial Accounting Standard Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standard Update ("ASU") No. 2020-06, Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40) ("ASU 2020-06") as of August 1, 2022, the beginning of fiscal 2023, using the modified retrospective method. Prior to the adoption of ASU 2020-06, in accounting for the issuance of the convertible senior notes, the convertible senior notes were separated into liability and equity components. The carrying amounts of the liability component was calculated by measuring the fair value of similar liabilities that do not have associated convertible features. The carrying amount of the equity component representing the conversion option was determined by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the par value of the convertible senior notes as a whole. This difference represents the debt discount that was amortized to interest expense over the respective terms of the convertible senior notes using the effective interest rate method. The equity component was recorded in additional paid-in capital and was not remeasured as long as it continued to meet the conditions for equity classification. In accounting for the related debt issuance costs, we allocated the total amount incurred to the liability and equity components of the convertible senior notes based on their relative values. Issuance costs attributable to the liability component were being amortized to interest expense over the contractual term of the convertible senior notes. The issuance costs attributable to the equity component were netted against the equity component representing the conversion option in additional paid-in capital. To the extent that we receive the convertible senior notes conversion requests prior to their maturity, a portion of the equity component is classified as temporary equity, which is measured as the difference between the principal and net carrying amount of the convertible senior notes requested for conversion. Upon settlement of the conversion requests, the difference between the fair value and the amortized book value of the liability component of the convertible senior notes requested for conversion is recorded as a gain or loss on early note conversion. The fair value of the convertible senior notes is measured based on a similar liability that does not have an associated convertible feature based on the remaining term of the convertible senior notes. Upon adoption of ASU 2020-06 and using the modified retrospective method, prior period amounts have not been adjusted. This standard resulted in our convertible senior notes being accounted for as a single unit of debt and we will no longer be required to record the conversion feature in equity. This further eliminated the need for amortization of the debt discount as interest expense and the portion of the issuance costs initially allocated to equity is now classified as debt and amortized as interest expense. As of August 1, 2022, the adoption of this new standard resulted in an increase of $169.9 million to the carrying amount of the convertible senior notes, a decrease of $273.7 million to additional paid-in capital and a cumulative-effect adjustment of $103.8 million to accumulated deficit. Prior to the adoption of this standard, we used the treasury stock method to calculate the potentially diluted effect of the convertible senior notes; however, upon adoption of this standard we are required to use the if-converted method. Accordingly, to account for the potentially diluted shares related to the convertible senior notes under a net income position, we are required to add back the related interest expense to the net income and include approximately 7.63 million shares related to the convertible senior notes. Since we have reported net losses for all periods presented, the convertible senior notes were determined to be anti-dilutive and therefore had no impact to the diluted net loss per share for all periods presented. Research and Development Our research and development expenses support our efforts to add new products, new features to our existing offerings and to ensure the reliability, availability and scalability of our solutions. Our cloud platform is software-driven, and our research and development teams employ software engineers in the design and the related development, testing, certification and support of our solutions. Accordingly, the majority of our research and development expenses result from employee-related costs, including salaries, bonuses, benefits, stock-based compensation and costs associated with technology tools used by our engineers. Advertising Expenses Advertising expenses are charged to sales and marketing expenses in the consolidated statements of operations as incurred. We recognized advertising expense of $24.0 million, $22.1 million and $11.8 million in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively. Warranties and Indemnification Our cloud platform is generally warranted to be free of defects under normal use and to perform substantially in accordance with the subscription agreement. Additionally, our contracts generally include provisions for indemnifying customers and channel partners against liabilities if our services infringe or misappropriate a third party’s intellectual property rights. Costs and liabilities incurred as a result of warranties and indemnification obligations were not material during the periods presented. Legal Contingencies We may be subject to legal proceedings and litigation arising from time to time. We record a liability when we believe that it is both probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. We periodically evaluate developments in our legal matters that could affect the amount of liability that we accrue, if any, and adjust, as appropriate. Until the final resolution of any such matter for which we may be required to record a liability, there may be a loss exposure in excess of the liability recorded and such amount could be significant. We expense legal fees as incurred. Income Taxes We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Deferred income taxes are recognized by applying the enacted statutory tax rates applicable to future years to differences between the carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date. The measurement of deferred tax assets is reduced, if necessary, by a valuation allowance to amounts that are more likely than not to be realized. We recognize tax benefits from uncertain tax positions only if we believe that it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such positions are then measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon settlement. Comprehensive Loss Comprehensive loss is comprised of the net loss and other comprehensive income (loss). Our other comprehensive income (loss) includes unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities and unrealized gains and losses and realized gains and losses reclassified into net loss on cash flow hedges, as reflected in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. Net Loss Per Share Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, less shares subject to repurchase. Diluted earnings per share adjusts basic earnings per share for all potentially dilutive common stock equivalents outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive securities consist primarily of stock options, share purchase rights under the employee stock purchase plan, unvested restricted stock units ("RSUs"), unvested performance stock awards ("PSAs"), unvested common stock and shares related to convertible senior notes. Since we have reported net losses for all periods presented, we have excluded all potentially dilutive securities from the calculation of the diluted net loss per share, as their effect is antidilutive. Accordingly, basic and diluted net loss per share is the same for all periods presented. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This standard amends guidance on reporting credit losses for assets held at amortized cost basis and available-for-sale debt securities to require that credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities be presented as an allowance rather than as a write-down. The measurement of credit losses for newly recognized financial assets and subsequent changes in the allowance for credit losses are recorded in the statements of operations. We adopted this standard in the first quarter of fiscal 2021 and it did not have a material impact to the consolidated financial statements. In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805) on Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers. This standard requires contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers that are acquired in a business combination to be recognized and measured as if the acquirer had originated the original contract. Previously, acquired contract assets and liabilities were measured at fair value. This standard is effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2024, though early adoption is permitted. We early adopted this standard in the first quarter of fiscal 2022 and it did not have a material impact to the consolidated financial statements. In June 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06. This standard removes the separation model for convertible debt with a cash conversion feature and convertible instruments with a beneficial conversion feature. Such convertible debt will be accounted for as a single liability measured at its amortized cost, as long as no other features require bifurcation and recognition as derivatives. The update also requires the if-converted method to be used for convertible instruments and the effect of potential share settlement be included in the diluted earnings per share calculation when an instrument may be settled in cash or shares. We adopted this standard effective on August 1, 2022, the beginning of fiscal 2023, using the modified retrospective method. In accordance with the adoption of ASU 2020-06 and using the modified retrospective method, prior period amounts have not been adjusted. For further information, refer to Convertible Senior Notes section in this Note 1, Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.

Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]

Schedule of Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments

Cash equivalents and short-term investments consisted of the following as of July 31, 2023:


	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value

	(in thousands)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	768,003	$	—	$	—	$	768,003
U.S. treasury securities	157,250		—		(30)		157,220
U.S. government agency securities	166,671		—		(35)		166,636
Corporate debt securities	38,800		—		—		38,800
Total cash equivalents	$	1,130,724	$	—	$	(65)	$	1,130,659

Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury securities	$	175,451	$	—	$	(1,875)	$	173,576
U.S. government agency securities	266,392		2		(4,299)		262,095
Corporate debt securities	406,517		49		(4,211)		402,355
Total short-term investments	$	848,360	$	51	$	(10,385)	$	838,026

Total cash equivalents and short-term investments	$	1,979,084	$	51	$	(10,450)	$	1,968,685

Cash equivalents and short-term investments consisted of the following as of July 31, 2022:


	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value

	(in thousands)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	247,613	$	—	$	—	$	247,613
U.S. treasury securities	202,778		—		(70)		202,708
U.S. government agency securities	135,525		2		(38)		135,489
Corporate debt securities	106,272		—		—		106,272
Total cash equivalents	$	692,188	$	2	$	(108)	$	692,082

Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury securities	$	96,089	$	10	$	(251)	$	95,848
U.S. government agency securities	339,957		6		(6,628)		333,335
Corporate debt securities	293,968		—		(5,022)		288,946
Total short-term investments	$	730,014	$	16	$	(11,901)	$	718,129

Total cash equivalents and short-term investments	$	1,422,202	$	18	$	(12,009)	$	1,410,211

Schedule of Maturities

The amortized cost and fair value of our short-term investments based on their stated maturities consisted of the following as of July 31, 2023:


	Amortized Cost		Fair Value

	(in thousands)
Due within one year	$	409,026	$	406,681
Due between one to three years	439,334		431,345
Total	$	848,360	$	838,026

Schedule of Unrealized Loss on Investments

Short-term investments that were in an unrealized loss position as of July 31, 2023 consisted of the following:


	Less than 12 Months				Greater than 12 Months				Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses

	(in thousands)
U.S. treasury securities	$	173,576	$	(1,875)	$	—	$	—	$	173,576	$	(1,875)
U.S. government agency securities	119,558		(292)		131,530		(4,007)		251,088		(4,299)
Corporate debt securities	232,504		(2,034)		82,599		(2,177)		315,103		(4,211)
Total	$	525,638	$	(4,201)	$	214,129	$	(6,184)	$	739,767	$	(10,385)

Short-term investments that were in an unrealized loss position as of July 31, 2022 consisted of the following:


	Less than 12 Months				Greater than 12 Months				Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses

	(in thousands)
U.S. treasury securities	$	80,833	$	(251)	$	—	$	—	$	80,833	$	(251)
U.S. government agency securities	230,670		(5,150)		50,134		(1,478)		280,804		(6,628)
Corporate debt securities	155,968		(3,947)		71,127		(1,075)		227,095		(5,022)
Total	$	467,471	$	(9,348)	$	121,261	$	(2,553)	$	588,732	$	(11,901)

Fair Value Measurements

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received from sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. We measure our financial assets and liabilities at fair value at each reporting period using a fair value hierarchy which requires us to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. A financial instrument’s classification within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Three levels of inputs may be used to measure fair value:

•Level I - Observable inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

•Level II - Observable inputs are quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the assets or liabilities, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the financial instruments; and

•Level III - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. These inputs are based on our own assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value and require significant management judgment or estimation.

Our money market funds are classified within Level I due to the highly liquid nature of these assets and have quoted prices in active markets. Certain of our investments in available-for-sale securities (i.e., U.S. treasury securities, U.S. government agency securities and corporate debt securities), as well as our assets and liabilities arising from our foreign currency forward contracts and our interest rate swap contracts, are classified within Level II. The fair value of our Level II financial assets and liabilities is determined by using inputs based on non-binding market consensus prices that are primarily corroborated by observable market data or quoted market prices for similar instruments, for substantially the full term of the financial assets and liabilities.

Assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis consisted of the following as of July 31, 2023:


			Level I		Level II		Level III
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs

	(in thousands)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	768,003	$	768,003	$	—	$	—
U.S. treasury securities	157,220		—		157,220		—
U.S. government agency securities	166,636		—		166,636		—
Corporate debt securities	38,800		—		38,800		—
Total cash equivalents	$	1,130,659	$	768,003	$	362,656	$	—

Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury securities	$	173,576	$	—	$	173,576	$	—
U.S. government agency securities	262,095		—		262,095		—
Corporate debt securities	402,355		—		402,355		—
Total short-term investments	$	838,026	$	—	$	838,026	$	—

Total cash equivalents and short-term investments	$	1,968,685	$	768,003	$	1,200,682	$	—

Designated derivative instruments:
Foreign currency contracts assets-current (1)	$	12,581	$	—	$	12,581	$	—
Foreign currency contracts assets-noncurrent (2)	$	2,264	$	—	$	2,264	$	—

Foreign currency contracts liabilities-current (3)	$	1,452	$	—	$	1,452	$	—
Foreign currency contracts liabilities-noncurrent (4)	$	669	$	—	$	669	$	—
Interest rate contracts liabilities-current (3)	$	6,439	$	—	$	6,439	$	—
Interest rate contracts liabilities-noncurrent (4)	$	1,588	$	—	$	1,588	$	—

Non-designated derivative instruments:
Foreign currency contracts assets-current (1)	$	2,061	$	—	$	2,061	$	—
Foreign currency contracts liabilities-current (3)	$	465	$	—	$	465	$	—

(1) Included within prepaid expenses and other current assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

(2) Included within other noncurrent assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

(3) Included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

(4) Included within other noncurrent liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

Assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis consisted of the following as of July 31, 2022:


			Level I		Level II		Level III
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs

	(in thousands)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	247,613	$	247,613	$	—	$	—
U.S. treasury securities	202,708		—		202,708		—
U.S. government agency securities	135,489		—		135,489		—
Corporate debt securities	106,272		—		106,272		—
Total	$	692,082	$	247,613	$	444,469	$	—

Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury securities	$	95,848	$	—	$	95,848	$	—
U.S. government agency securities	333,335		—		333,335		—
Corporate debt securities	288,946		—		288,946		—
Total	$	718,129	$	—	$	718,129	$	—

Total cash equivalents and short-term investments	$	1,410,211	$	247,613	$	1,162,598	$	—

Designated derivative instruments:
Foreign currency contracts assets-current (1)	$	178	$	—	$	178	$	—
Foreign currency contracts assets-noncurrent (2)	$	17	$	—	$	17	$	—
Foreign currency contracts liabilities-current (3)	$	10,921	$	—	$	10,921	$	—
Foreign currency contracts liabilities-noncurrent (4)	$	588	$	—	$	588	$	—

Non-designated derivative instruments:
Foreign currency contracts assets-current (1)	$	452	$	—	$	452	$	—
Foreign currency contracts liabilities-current (3)	$	3,427	$	—	$	3,427	$	—

(1) Included within prepaid expenses and other current assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

(2) Included within other noncurrent assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

(3) Included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

(4) Included within other noncurrent liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

We did not have transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy of assets measured at fair value during the periods presented.

Refer to Note 10, Convertible Senior Notes, for the carrying amount and estimated fair value of our convertible senior notes as of July 31, 2023 and 2022.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

+ References + Details

Property and Equipment and Purchased Intangible Assets

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property and Equipment and Purchased Intangible Assets

Property and equipment consisted of the following:


		July 31,
	Estimated Useful Life	2023		2022

		(in thousands)
Hosting equipment	3 - 4 years	$	280,851	$	191,037
Capitalized internal-use software	3 years	120,877		72,267
Computers and equipment	3 - 5 years	7,107		6,774
Purchased software	3 years	1,311		1,311
Furniture and fixtures	5 years	1,025		1,022
Leasehold improvements	Shorter of useful life or lease term	7,608		7,339
Total property and equipment, gross		418,779		279,750
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization		(176,424)		(119,117)
Total property and equipment, net		$	242,355	$	160,633

Purchased intangible assets consist of internet protocol (IP) addresses, which are amortized on a straight-line basis over an estimated useful life of 10 years. As of July 31, 2023, their historical cost and accumulated amortization was $8.6 million and $1.6 million, respectively. As of July 31, 2022, their historical cost and accumulated amortization was $6.4 million and $0.8 million, respectively. Purchased intangible assets are included within other noncurrent assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

We recognized depreciation and amortization expense on property and equipment and purchased intangible assets of $55.8 million, $40.5 million and $29.7 million in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively. Additionally, we recognized stock-based compensation expense on the amortization of capitalized stock-based compensation associated with capitalized internal-use software of $8.4 million, $4.5 million and $1.6 million in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively.

Property and Equipment and Purchased Intangible Assets

Property and equipment consisted of the following:


		July 31,
	Estimated Useful Life	2023		2022

		(in thousands)
Hosting equipment	3 - 4 years	$	280,851	$	191,037
Capitalized internal-use software	3 years	120,877		72,267
Computers and equipment	3 - 5 years	7,107		6,774
Purchased software	3 years	1,311		1,311
Furniture and fixtures	5 years	1,025		1,022
Leasehold improvements	Shorter of useful life or lease term	7,608		7,339
Total property and equipment, gross		418,779		279,750
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization		(176,424)		(119,117)
Total property and equipment, net		$	242,355	$	160,633

Revenue Recognition - Deferred Contract Acquisition Costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
Changes in Capitalized Contract Cost [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 297,002	$ 207,030	$ 109,915
Capitalization of contract acquisition costs	176,950	158,503	137,673
Amortization of deferred contract acquisition costs	(98,718)	(68,531)	(40,558)
Ending balance	375,234	297,002	207,030
Deferred contract acquisition costs, current	115,827	86,210
Deferred contract acquisition costs, noncurrent	259,407	210,792
Total deferred contract acquisition costs	$ 375,234	$ 297,002	$ 207,030

Net Loss Per Share (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Net Loss Per Share, Basic and Diluted

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share:


	Year Ended July 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(in thousands, except per share data)
Net loss	$	(202,335)	$	(390,278)	$	(262,029)
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share, basic and diluted	144,942		140,895		135,654
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(1.40)	$	(2.77)	$	(1.93)

Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share

The following table summarizes the outstanding potentially dilutive securities that were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share as their effect would be antidilutive:


	July 31,
	2023	2022	2021

	(in thousands)

Unvested RSUs and shares of common stock	8,442	6,769	7,440
Stock options	1,267	1,673	2,597
Unvested PSAs (1)	1,012	832	562
Share purchase rights under the ESPP	1,119	850	344
Notes (2)	7,626	7,626	7,626
Total	19,466	17,750	18,569

(1) The number of unvested PSAs is estimated at 100% of the target number of shares granted and excludes unvested PSAs for which performance conditions have not been established as of July 31, 2023, as they are not considered outstanding for accounting purposes. Refer to Note 14, Stock-Based Compensation, for further information.

(2) The shares underlying the conversion option in the Notes were not considered in the calculation of diluted net loss per share as the effect would have been antidilutive. Based on the initial conversion price, the entire outstanding principal amount of the Notes as of July 31, 2023 would have been convertible into approximately 7.6 million shares of our common stock, which is reflected in the above table. As we expect to settle the principal amount of the Notes in cash, only the amount by which the conversion value exceeds the aggregate principal amount of the Notes (the "conversion spread") is considered in the diluted earnings per share computation under the treasury stock method. The conversion spread has a dilutive impact on diluted net income per share when the average market price of our common stock for a given reporting period exceeds the initial conversion price of $150.80 per share for the Notes. Conversion notices received through July 31, 2023, have not been material. In connection with the issuance of the Notes, we entered into Capped Calls, which will not be included in the computation of the number of diluted shares outstanding, as their effect would be antidilutive. The Capped Calls are expected to partially offset the potential dilution to our common stock upon any conversion of the Notes.

Commitments and Contingencies - Maturities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
2024	$ 21,956
2025	32,198
2026	24,675
2027	15,745
Total	$ 94,574	$ 126,800

Restructuring and Other Charges - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021	Mar. 01, 2023
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Worldwide workforce reduction percentage				3.00%
Charges, excluding stock-based compensation expense	$ 6,565
Stock-based compensation expense	444,834	$ 409,562	$ 258,535
Accrued restructuring liability	1,045	$ 0
Restructuring Plan 2023
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Charges, excluding stock-based compensation expense	7,600
Employee severance and benefit charges	6,600
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 1,000

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References + Details

Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets - Schedule of Future Amortization Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
2024	$ 11,320
2025	6,265
2026	5,252
2027	2,428
Thereafter	594
Total	$ 25,859	$ 31,819

Income Taxes - Schedule of Components of Provision of Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
Current:
Federal	$ 1,091	$ 0	$ 0
State	3,890	399	126
Foreign	14,438	6,996	7,104
Total current tax expense	19,419	7,395	7,230
Deferred:
Federal	0	(858)	(349)
State	0	(185)	(3)
Foreign	352	296	(2,027)
Total deferred tax benefit (expense)	352	(747)	(2,379)
Total provision for income taxes	$ 19,771	$ 6,648	$ 4,851

Common Stock - Narrative (Details)	Jul. 31, 2023 vote
Equity [Abstract]
Number of votes per share	1

Operating Leases - Lease Costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease, including imputed interest	$ 32,535	$ 25,703	$ 20,946
Short-term lease cost	10,002	4,715	2,221
Variable lease cost	11,948	7,643	6,436
Sublease income	0	0	(199)
Total operating lease costs	54,485	38,061	29,404
Real Estate Arrangements
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease, including imputed interest	7,858	6,347	6,442
Short-term lease cost	4,314	2,826	1,527
Variable lease cost	6,992	3,163	3,192
Sublease income	0	0	(199)
Total operating lease costs	$ 19,164	$ 12,336	$ 10,962
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years)	3 years	3 years 8 months 12 days	4 years 8 months 12 days
Weighted-average discount rate	4.50%	4.10%	4.40%
Co-Location Arrangements
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease, including imputed interest	$ 24,677	$ 19,356	$ 14,504
Short-term lease cost	5,688	1,889	694
Variable lease cost	4,956	4,480	3,244
Sublease income	0	0	0
Total operating lease costs	$ 35,321	$ 25,725	$ 18,442
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years)	2 years	2 years 8 months 12 days	1 year 10 months 24 days
Weighted-average discount rate	3.20%	2.20%	2.30%

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Total	Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment	Common Stock	Additional Paid-In Capital	Additional Paid-In Capital Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Accumulated Deficit	Accumulated Deficit Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
Beginning balance (in shares) at Jul. 31, 2020			132,817
Beginning balance at Jul. 31, 2020	$ 484,829		$ 133	$ 823,804		$ 463	$ (339,571)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options (in shares)			2,466
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options	18,221		$ 3	18,218
Issuance of common stock under the employee stock purchase plan (in shares)			338
Issuance of common stock under the employee stock purchase plan	25,704			25,704
Vesting of restricted stock units and other stock issuances (in shares)			3,041
Vesting of restricted stock units and other stock issuances	0		$ 3	(3)
Vesting of early exercised stock options	93			93
Stock-based compensation	263,190			263,190
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(1,113)					(1,113)
Net loss	(262,029)						(262,029)
Ending balance (in shares) at Jul. 31, 2021			138,662
Ending balance at Jul. 31, 2021	528,895		$ 139	1,131,006		(650)	(601,600)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options (in shares)			905
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options	6,943			6,943
Issuance of common stock under the employee stock purchase plan (in shares)			319
Issuance of common stock under the employee stock purchase plan	34,649			34,649
Vesting of restricted stock units and other stock issuances (in shares)			3,152
Vesting of restricted stock units and other stock issuances	1,703		$ 4	1,699
Stock-based compensation	416,588			416,588
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(25,200)					(25,200)
Net loss	$ (390,278)						(390,278)
Ending balance (in shares) at Jul. 31, 2022	143,038		143,038
Ending balance at Jul. 31, 2022	$ 573,300	$ (169,899)	$ 143	1,590,885	$ (273,738)	(25,850)	(991,878)	$ 103,839
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Accounting Standards Update [Extensible Enumeration]	Accounting Standards Update 2020-06 [Member]
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options (in shares)	451		451
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options	$ 3,944			3,944
Issuance of common stock under the employee stock purchase plan (in shares)			425
Issuance of common stock under the employee stock purchase plan	42,263			42,263
Vesting of restricted stock units and other stock issuances (in shares)			3,255
Vesting of restricted stock units and other stock issuances	0		$ 4	(4)
Stock-based compensation	453,565			453,565
Other comprehensive income (loss)	24,274					24,274
Net loss	$ (202,335)						(202,335)
Ending balance (in shares) at Jul. 31, 2023	147,169		147,169
Ending balance at Jul. 31, 2023	$ 725,112		$ 147	$ 1,816,915		$ (1,576)	$ (1,090,374)

Convertible Senior Notes

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Convertible Senior Notes

On June 25, 2020, we issued $1,150.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 0.125% convertible senior notes due 2025 (the “Notes”), including the exercise in full by the initial purchasers of the Notes of their option to purchase an additional $150.0 million principal amount of the Notes. The Notes are unsecured obligations and bear interest at a rate of 0.125% per year and interest is payable semiannually in arrears on January 1 and July 1 of each year, beginning on January 1, 2021. The Notes mature on July 1, 2025, unless earlier converted, redeemed or repurchased. The total net proceeds from the offering, after deducting initial purchase discounts and other debt issuance costs, was $1,130.5 million.

The Notes do not contain any financial covenants or restrictions on the payments of dividends, the incurrence of indebtedness or the issuance or repurchase of securities by us or any of our subsidiaries.

The following table presents details of the Notes:

Initial Conversion Rate per $1,000 Principal

Initial Conversion Price

Initial Number of Shares

(in thousands)

Notes

6.6315 shares

$150.80

7,626

The Notes are convertible at the option of the holders at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding April 1, 2025, only under the following circumstances:

•During any fiscal quarter commencing after the fiscal quarter ending on October 31, 2020 (and only during such fiscal quarter), if the last reported sale price of our common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding fiscal quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price of the Notes on each applicable trading day;

•During the five-business day period after any five consecutive trading day period (the “measurement period”) in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of the Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of our common stock and the conversion rate of the Notes on each such trading day;

•If we call any or all of the Notes for redemption, the Notes called for redemption (or, at our election all Notes) may be submitted for conversion at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the redemption date; or

•upon the occurrence of specified corporate events as set forth within the indenture governing the Notes.

On or after April 1, 2025, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert, all or any portion of their Notes at any time, in multiples of $1,000 principal amount, at their option regardless of the foregoing circumstances. Upon conversion, we will satisfy the conversion obligation by paying or delivering, as the case may be, cash, shares of our common stock or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, at our election. It is our current intent to settle the principal amount of the Notes in cash.

During the three months ended July 31, 2023, the conditions allowing holders of the Notes to convert were not met. Since we have the election of repaying the Notes in cash, shares of our common stock, or a combination of both, we have classified the Notes as a noncurrent liability in the consolidated balance sheet as of July 31, 2023 and July 31, 2022. Conversion notices received in fiscal 2022 were not material. No conversion notices were received in fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2021.

Prior to July 5, 2023, we were not permitted to redeem the Notes. On and subsequent to July 5, 2023, and prior to the 21st scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, we may redeem for cash all or any portion of the Notes, at our option, if the last reported sale price of our common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period (including the last trading day of such period) ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which we provide notice of redemption at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. No sinking fund is provided for the Notes. If we redeem less than all the outstanding Notes, and only Notes called for redemption may be converted in connection with such partial redemption, at least $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of Notes must be outstanding and not subject to such partial redemption as of the relevant redemption notice date.

In the event of a corporate event that constitutes a “fundamental change" (as defined in the indenture governing the Notes), holders of the Notes will have the right, at their option to require us to repurchase for cash all or any portion of the Notes upon the occurrence of a fundamental change, at a purchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes plus any accrued and unpaid interest, up to but excluding, the date of such repurchase. In addition, following certain corporate events that occur prior to the maturity date, or if we issue a notice of redemption, we will, in certain circumstances, increase the conversion rate for a holder who elects to convert its Notes in connection with such corporate event or notice of redemption, as the case may be.

In accounting for the issuance of the Notes and the related transaction costs, we separated the Notes into liability and equity components. The carrying amount of the liability component was initially calculated by measuring the fair value of similar liabilities that do not have associated convertible features utilizing the interest rate of 5.75%. The carrying amount of the equity component representing the conversion option was $278.5 million and was determined by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the par value of the Notes. This difference represents the debt discount that is amortized to interest expense over the term of the Notes using the effective interest rate method. The equity component was recorded in additional paid-in capital and is not remeasured as long as it continues to meet the conditions for equity classification.

Total issuance costs of $19.5 million related to the Notes were allocated between liability, totaling $14.8 million, and equity, totaling $4.7 million, in the same proportion as the allocation of the total proceeds to the liability and equity components. Issuance costs attributable to the liability component are being amortized to interest expense over the term of the Notes. The excess of the principal amount of the liability component over its carrying amount is amortized to interest expense over the contractual term of the Notes at an effective interest rate of 6.03%. The issuance costs attributable to the equity component were netted against additional paid-in capital. The amount recorded for the equity component of the Notes was $273.4 million, net of allocated issuance costs of $4.7 million and deferred tax impact of $0.4 million.

Upon adoption of ASU 2020-06 as of August 1, 2022, we accounted for our Notes as a single unit of debt and no longer records the conversion feature in equity. This further eliminated the need for amortization of the debt discount as interest expense and the portion of the issuance costs initially allocated to equity is now classified as debt and amortized as interest expense. As of August 1, 2022, the adoption of this new standard resulted in an increase of $169.9 million to the carrying amount of the convertible senior notes, a decrease of $273.7 million to additional paid-in capital and a cumulative-effect adjustment of $103.8 million to accumulated deficit. For further information, refer to Note 1, Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.

During the fiscal 2023, we entered into interest rate swap contracts designated as fair value hedges of certain of our Notes. For further information refer to Note 8, Derivative Instruments.

The net carrying amount of the liability component of the Notes consisted of the following:


	July 31,
	2023		2022
	(in thousands)

Principal amount	$	1,149,993	$	1,149,995
Less:
Unamortized debt discount (1)	—		172,169
Unamortized debt issuance costs (1)	7,528		9,152
Hedge accounting fair value adjustments	8,306		—
Total	$	1,134,159	$	968,674

(1) Effective August 1, 2022, we adopted ASU 2020-06 using the modified retrospective method under which prior period amounts have not been adjusted. The adoption of this standard resulted in the elimination of the debt discount and related amortization as interest expense and the classification of the portion of the debt issuance costs initially allocated to equity within the carrying amount of our convertible senior notes, which is recognized as interest expense post adoption of the standard.

The following table sets forth total interest expense recognized related to the Notes:



	Year Ended July 31,
	2023		2022		2021
	(in thousands)

Contractual interest expense	$	1,439	$	1,438	$	1,441
Amortization of debt discount (1)	—		52,358		49,302
Amortization of debt issuance costs (1)	3,894		2,783		2,621
Total	$	5,333	$	56,579	$	53,364

(1) The decrease in total interest expense for the fiscal 2023, was due to the derecognition of unamortized debt discount partially offset by the increase in the amortization of issuance costs previously recognized in equity. These changes were the result of adoption of ASU 2020-06, as described in Note 1, Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.

The total fair value of the Notes was $1,411.4 million and $1,418.5 million as of July 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The fair value was determined based on the closing trading price per $1,000 of the Notes as of the last day of trading for the period. We consider the fair value of the Notes as of July 31, 2023 and 2022 to be a Level II measurement as they are not actively traded. The fair value of the Notes is primarily affected by the trading price of our common stock and market interest rates.

In connection with the pricing of the Notes, we entered into capped call transactions with the option counterparties (the "Capped Calls"). The Capped Calls each have an initial strike price of $150.80 per share, subject to certain adjustments, which corresponds to the initial conversion price of the Notes. The Capped Calls have an initial cap price of $246.76 per share, subject to certain adjustments. The Capped Calls are generally expected to reduce potential dilution to our common stock upon any conversion of the Notes and/or offset any cash payments we are required to make in excess of the principal amount of the converted Notes, as the case may be, with such reduction and/or offset subject to a cap. The Capped Calls are subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of specified extraordinary events affecting us, including merger events, tender offers and the announcement of such events. In addition, the Capped Calls are subject to certain specified additional disruption events that may give rise to a termination of the Capped Calls, including nationalization, insolvency or delisting, changes in law, failures to deliver, insolvency filings and hedging disruptions. For accounting purposes, the Capped Calls are separate transactions, and not part of the terms of the Notes. As the Capped Calls qualify for a scope exception from derivative accounting for instruments that are both indexed to the issuer's own stock and classified in stockholder's equity in the consolidated balance sheet, the premium of $145.2 million paid for the purchase of the Capped Calls was recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in capital and will not be remeasured. We have not exercised any Capped Call options during any of the periods presented.

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 1,262,206	$ 1,013,210
Short-term investments	838,026	718,129
Accounts receivable, net	582,636	399,745
Deferred contract acquisition costs	115,827	86,210
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	91,619	39,353
Total current assets	2,890,314	2,256,647
Property and equipment, net	242,355	160,633
Operating lease right-of-use assets	70,671	72,357
Deferred contract acquisition costs, noncurrent	259,407	210,792
Acquired intangible assets, net	25,859	31,819
Goodwill	89,192	78,547
Other noncurrent assets	30,519	21,870
Total assets	3,608,317	2,832,665
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	18,481	26,154
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	64,975	46,496
Accrued compensation	136,800	111,948
Deferred revenue	1,281,143	923,749
Operating lease liabilities	34,469	26,100
Total current liabilities	1,535,868	1,134,447
Convertible senior notes, net	1,134,159	968,674
Deferred revenue, noncurrent	158,533	97,374
Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent	41,917	50,948
Other noncurrent liabilities	12,728	7,922
Total liabilities	2,883,205	2,259,365
Commitments and contingencies (Note 12)
Stockholders’ Equity
Preferred stock; $0.001 par value; 200,000 shares authorized as of July 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively; no shares issued and outstanding as of July 31, 2023 and 2022	0	0
Common stock; $0.001 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized as of July 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively; 147,169 and 143,038 shares issued and outstanding as of July 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively	147	143
Additional paid-in capital	1,816,915	1,590,885
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(1,576)	(25,850)
Accumulated deficit	(1,090,374)	(991,878)
Total stockholders’ equity	725,112	573,300
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 3,608,317	$ 2,832,665

Derivative Instruments (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Cash Flow Hedges on our Consolidated Statement of Operations

The following table presents information about losses related to our cash flow hedges reclassified from AOCI into the consolidated statement of operations for fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2022:


	Year ended July 31 (1)
	2023		2022

	(in thousands)
Classification:
Cost of revenue	$	1,835	$	617
Sales and marketing	7,670		520
Research and development	1,506		284
General and administrative	568		5,592
Total	$	11,579	$	7,013

(1) The gains and losses related to our cash flow hedges reclassified from AOCI into the consolidated statement of operations for fiscal 2021 was not material.

Schedule of Derivative Instruments Designated as Fair Value Hedges

The following table presents the effect of derivative instruments designated as fair value hedges included within interest expense in the statement of operations, for fiscal 2023:


	Gains (Losses)

	(in thousands)
Interest rate swaps:
Hedged items	$	8,306
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	(8,028)
Total	$	278

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of pertinent information about a derivative or group of derivatives on a disaggregated basis, such as for individual instruments, or small groups of similar instruments. May include a combination of the type of instrument, risks being hedged, notional amount, hedge designation, related hedged item, inception date, maturity date, or other relevant item.

+ References + Details

Segment and Geographic Information

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Risks and Uncertainties [Abstract]

Segment and Geographic Information

Our chief operating decision maker ("CODM") is our chief executive officer. We derive our revenue primarily from sales of subscription services to our cloud platform and related support services. Our CODM reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for the purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance. Accordingly, we determined that we operate as one operating segment.

Our long-lived assets consist of property and equipment and operating lease right-of-use assets, which are summarized by geographic area as follows:


	July 31,
	2023		2022

	(in thousands)
United States	$	213,611	$	155,625
Rest of the world	99,415		77,365
Total	$	313,026	$	232,990

Refer to Note 2, Revenue Recognition for information on revenue by geography.

Derivative Instruments

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Derivative Instruments

Foreign Currency Forward Contracts

As a global business, we are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk. Substantially all of our revenue is transacted in U.S. dollars; however, a portion of our cost of revenue and operating expenditures are incurred outside of the United States and are denominated in foreign currencies, making them subject to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. In order to mitigate the impact of foreign currency fluctuations on our future cash flows and earnings, we enter into foreign currency forward contracts, which we designate as cash flow hedges. All cash flow hedges were considered effective for all periods presented.

We also use foreign currency forward contracts to mitigate variability in gains and losses generated from the remeasurement of certain monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. The outstanding non-designated derivative instruments are carried at fair value with the change in fair value recorded in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statement of operations in the same period as the changes in fair value from the remeasurement of the underlying assets and liabilities. Cash flows from such derivatives are classified as operating activities. These foreign exchange contracts typically have maturities of approximately one to four months. Changes in the fair value of these derivatives were not material for all periods presented.

As of July 31, 2023 and July 31, 2022, the total notional amount of our outstanding designated foreign currency forward contracts was $457.6 million and $293.4 million, respectively and for our outstanding non-designated foreign currency forward contracts was $182.9 million and $126.4 million, respectively. The maximum length of time over which forecasted foreign currency denominated operating expenses are hedged is 21 months. As of July 31, 2023, an estimated $10.2 million of the unrealized losses related to our cash flow hedges are expected to be released into earnings over the next 12 months. Refer to Note 4, Fair Value Measurements, for the fair value of our derivative instruments as reported on the consolidated balance sheet as of July 31, 2023 and July 31, 2022.

During all periods presented, changes in the fair value of our non-designated derivative instruments recorded within other income (expense), net within the consolidated statement of operations were not material.

During the fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2022, we recognized a gain of $11.1 million and a loss of $20.1 million, respectively, in AOCI related to our cash flow hedges. The gains and losses related to our cash flow hedges that were recognized in AOCI for fiscal 2021 was not material.

The following table presents information about losses related to our cash flow hedges reclassified from AOCI into the consolidated statement of operations for fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2022:


	Year ended July 31 (1)
	2023		2022

	(in thousands)
Classification:
Cost of revenue	$	1,835	$	617
Sales and marketing	7,670		520
Research and development	1,506		284
General and administrative	568		5,592
Total	$	11,579	$	7,013

(1) The gains and losses related to our cash flow hedges reclassified from AOCI into the consolidated statement of operations for fiscal 2021 was not material.

Our derivative contracts expose us to credit risk to the extent that the counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of the underlying contracts. We mitigate this credit risk by transacting with major financial institutions with high credit ratings and standards. We periodically assess the creditworthiness of our counterparties to ensure they continue to meet our credit quality requirements. We also enter into master netting arrangements, which permit net settlement of transactions with the same counterparty. The potential impact of these rights of set-off associated with our derivative instruments was not material as of July 31, 2023 and July 31, 2022. We are not required to pledge, and are not entitled to receive, cash collateral related to these derivative instruments. We do not enter into derivative contracts for trading or speculative purposes.

Interest Rate Swap Contracts

During fiscal 2023, we entered into interest rate swaps contracts, maturing on July 1, 2025, designated as fair value hedges intended to hedge a portion of our fair value risk exposure due to changing interest rates by economically converting the fixed interest rate of a certain tranche of our convertible senior notes to a floating interest rate. As of July 31, 2023, the carrying amount of the hedged convertible senior notes was $496.4 million and the total notional amount of our outstanding interest rate swaps was $500.0 million. The gains and losses related to changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps are included within interest expense in the consolidated statement of operations and substantially offset changes in the fair value of the hedged portion of the underlying convertible senior notes that are attributable to the changes in underlying benchmark interest rates. As of July 31, 2023, the cumulative amount of fair value hedge accounting adjustments included in the carrying amount of hedged liabilities was $8.3 million.

The following table presents the effect of derivative instruments designated as fair value hedges included within interest expense in the statement of operations, for fiscal 2023:


	Gains (Losses)

	(in thousands)
Interest rate swaps:
Hedged items	$	8,306
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	(8,028)
Total	$	278

Commitments and Contingencies - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Purchase obligation	$ 94,574	$ 126,800
Letter of Credit
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Aggregate value of unsecured letters of credits	$ 2,100	$ 2,100

- Definition

The carrying value as of the balance sheet date of the current and noncurrent portions of long-term obligations drawn from a line of credit, which is a bank's commitment to make loans up to a specific amount. Examples of items that might be included in the application of this element may consist of letters of credit, standby letters of credit, and revolving credit arrangements, under which borrowings can be made up to a maximum amount as of any point in time conditional on satisfaction of specified terms before, as of and after the date of drawdowns on the line. Includes short-term obligations that would normally be classified as current liabilities but for which (a) postbalance sheet date issuance of a long term obligation to refinance the short term obligation on a long term basis, or (b) the enterprise has entered into a financing agreement that clearly permits the enterprise to refinance the short-term obligation on a long term basis and the following conditions are met (1) the agreement does not expire within 1 year and is not cancelable by the lender except for violation of an objectively determinable provision, (2) no violation exists at the BS date, and (3) the lender has entered into the financing agreement is expected to be financially capable of honoring the agreement.

+ References + Details

Goodwill and Acquired intangible Assets - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
	Feb. 20, 2023	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Amortization expense of acquired intangible assets		$ 11,060	$ 9,010	$ 6,795
Developed technology
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Developed technology, estimated useful life			3 years 7 months 6 days
Amortization expense of acquired intangible assets		10,287
Customer relationships
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Developed technology, estimated useful life			3 years 6 months
Amortization expense of acquired intangible assets		773
Canonic Security Technologies Ltd. \| Developed technology
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Developed technology	$ 5,100	$ 5,100
Developed technology, estimated useful life	5 years	5 years

Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments - Schedule of Unrealized Position (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Less than 12 months, fair value	$ 525,638	$ 467,471
Less than 12 months, unrealized losses	(4,201)	(9,348)
Greater than 12 months, fair value	214,129	121,261
Greater than 12 months, unrealized losses	(6,184)	(2,553)
Total fair value	739,767	588,732
Total unrealized losses	(10,385)	(11,901)
U.S. treasury securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Less than 12 months, fair value	173,576	80,833
Less than 12 months, unrealized losses	(1,875)	(251)
Greater than 12 months, fair value	0	0
Greater than 12 months, unrealized losses	0	0
Total fair value	173,576	80,833
Total unrealized losses	(1,875)	(251)
U.S. government agency securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Less than 12 months, fair value	119,558	230,670
Less than 12 months, unrealized losses	(292)	(5,150)
Greater than 12 months, fair value	131,530	50,134
Greater than 12 months, unrealized losses	(4,007)	(1,478)
Total fair value	251,088	280,804
Total unrealized losses	(4,299)	(6,628)
Corporate debt securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Less than 12 months, fair value	232,504	155,968
Less than 12 months, unrealized losses	(2,034)	(3,947)
Greater than 12 months, fair value	82,599	71,127
Greater than 12 months, unrealized losses	(2,177)	(1,075)
Total fair value	315,103	227,095
Total unrealized losses	$ (4,211)	$ (5,022)

Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of RSU and PSA Activity (Details) - RSUs and PSAs - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022
Underlying Shares
Beginning balance (in shares)	7,388
Granted (in shares)	6,531
Vested (in shares)	(3,179)
Canceled or forfeited (in shares)	(1,389)
Ending balance (in shares)	9,351
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Beginning balance (in dollars per share)	$ 157.17
Granted (in dollars per share)	124.57
Vested (in dollars per share)	139.43
Canceled or forfeited (in dollars per share)	160.38
Ending balance (in dollars per share)	$ 139.95
Additional Disclosures [Abstract]
Balance	$ 1,499,714	$ 1,145,526
Vested	$ 462,289

Convertible Senior Notes - Carrying Amounts (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jun. 25, 2020
Convertible Debt [Abstract]
Principal amount	$ 1,149,993	$ 1,149,995
Unamortized debt discount	0	172,169
Unamortized debt issuance costs	7,528	9,152	$ 19,500
Hedge accounting fair value adjustments	8,306	0
Total	$ 1,134,159	$ 968,674

- Definition

Amount, after deduction of unamortized premium (discount) and debt issuance cost, of long-term debt. Excludes lease obligation.

+ References + Details

Revenue Recognition - Remaining Performance Obligation (Details)	Jul. 31, 2023
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2023-08-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue, remaining performance obligation, percentage	49.00%
Recognized transaction price period	12 months
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-08-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue, remaining performance obligation, percentage	95.00%
Recognized transaction price period	3 years

Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets - Schedule of Acquired Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Intangible Assets, Gross, beginning balance	$ 51,916
Additions	5,100
Intangible Assets, Gross, ending balance	57,016	$ 51,916
Accumulated Amortization, beginning balance	(20,097)
Amortization Expense	(11,060)	(9,010)	$ (6,795)
Accumulated Amortization, ending balance	(31,157)	(20,097)
Total	$ 25,859	31,819
Weighted Average
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Weighted Average Remaining Useful life	3 years
Developed technology
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Intangible Assets, Gross, beginning balance	$ 48,356
Additions	5,100
Intangible Assets, Gross, ending balance	53,456	48,356
Accumulated Amortization, beginning balance	(18,972)
Amortization Expense	(10,287)
Accumulated Amortization, ending balance	(29,259)	(18,972)
Total	$ 24,197	29,384
Developed technology \| Weighted Average
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Weighted Average Remaining Useful life	3 years
Customer relationships
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Intangible Assets, Gross, beginning balance	$ 3,560
Additions	0
Intangible Assets, Gross, ending balance	3,560	3,560
Accumulated Amortization, beginning balance	(1,125)
Amortization Expense	(773)
Accumulated Amortization, ending balance	(1,898)	(1,125)
Total	$ 1,662	$ 2,435
Customer relationships \| Weighted Average
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Weighted Average Remaining Useful life	2 years 3 months 18 days

Income Taxes

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

The following table sets forth the geographical breakdown of the income (loss) before the provision for income taxes:


	Year ended July 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(in thousands)
Domestic	$	(228,715)	$	(413,148)	$	(275,189)
International	46,151		29,518		18,011
Loss before provision for income taxes	$	(182,564)	$	(383,630)	$	(257,178)

The following table sets forth the components of the provision for income taxes:


	Year ended July 31,
	2023		2022		2021

Current:	(in thousands)
Federal	$	1,091	$	—	$	—
State	3,890		399		126
Foreign	14,438		6,996		7,104
Total current tax expense	19,419		7,395		7,230

Deferred:
Federal	—		(858)		(349)
State	—		(185)		(3)
Foreign	352		296		(2,027)
Total deferred tax benefit (expense)	352		(747)		(2,379)

Total provision for income taxes	$	19,771	$	6,648	$	4,851

During fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, we recognized tax benefits on total stock-based compensation expense of $13.4 million, $1.4 million and $1.2 million, respectively, which are reflected within the provision for income taxes in the consolidated statements of operations.

The following table presents the reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate to our effective tax rate:


	Year ended July 31,
	2023		2022		2021
Tax at federal statutory rate	21.0	%	21.0	%	21.0	%
State taxes	(2.1)		(0.1)		—
Impact of foreign rate differential	10.1		(0.4)		0.4
Stock-based compensation	(0.8)		17.6		43.9
U.S. tax credits	8.6		3.9		4.1
Change in valuation allowance	(34.1)		(43.6)		(70.6)
Withholding tax	(1.3)		(0.2)		(0.7)
Waived deductions under Section 59A	(11.8)		—		—
Other	(0.5)		0.1		—
Effective tax rate	(10.9)	%	(1.7)	%	(1.9)	%

Our estimated effective tax rate for the periods presented differs from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to a portion of our earnings which are taxed at different rates than the U.S. statutory rate, offset by waived deductions under Section 59A and the impact of the valuation allowance we maintain against our U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets.

During fiscal 2022, we recognized an income tax benefit of $1.0 million, as a result of a release in our valuation allowance on deferred tax assets due to deferred taxes recorded as part of the acquisition accounting of business combinations. During fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2021, we did not recognize income tax benefits from business combinations. Refer to Note 6, Business Combinations, for further information.

The following table presents the tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of our deferred tax assets and liabilities:


	July 31,
	2023		2022

	(in thousands)
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating losses carryovers	$	401,261	$	487,298

Deferred revenue	122,326		69,511
R&D capitalization	92,901		—
Tax credits carryovers	98,564		68,272


Other	75,598		58,141
Gross deferred tax assets	790,650		683,222
Less: Valuation allowance	(671,381)		(553,916)
Total deferred tax assets	$	119,269	$	129,306

Deferred tax liabilities:
Other	$	(9,412)	$	(6,319)
Deferred contract acquisition costs	(86,805)		(67,512)
Convertible senior notes	—		(39,515)
Operating lease right-of-use assets	(22,403)		(15,739)
Total deferred tax liabilities	$	(118,620)	$	(129,085)

Net deferred tax assets	$	649	$	221

As of July 31, 2023, we capitalized certain research and development costs which resulted in a deferred tax asset of $92.9 million to reflect the impact of a change in U.S tax law effective January 1, 2022 which requires the capitalization and amortization of research and experimental expenditures incurred after December 31, 2021. This deferred tax asset associated with capitalized research and development costs is offset by a valuation allowance and future taxable temporary differences. Effective August 1, 2022, we adopted ASU 2020-06 which resulted in a reversal of the prior deferred tax liability of $39.5 million as part of the modified retrospective adoption of the standard. For further information, refer to Note 1, Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

A deferred tax liability has not been recognized on the excess of the amount for financial reporting over the tax basis of investments in foreign subsidiaries that are indefinitely reinvested outside the U.S. Income taxes are generally incurred upon a repatriation of assets, a sale, or a liquidation of the subsidiary. The excess of the amount for financial reporting over the tax basis in the investments in foreign subsidiaries, as well as the unrecognized deferred tax liability, are not material for the periods presented.

The following table presents the change in the valuation allowance:


	Year ended July 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(in thousands)
Balance as of the beginning of the period	$	553,916	$	345,756	$	130,236
Change during the period	117,465		208,160		215,520
Balance as of the end of the period	$	671,381	$	553,916	$	345,756

The realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of sufficient taxable income of the appropriate character in future periods. We regularly assess our ability to realize the deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis and we establish a valuation allowance if it is more-likely-than-not that some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. We weigh all available positive and negative evidence, including our earnings history and results of recent operations, scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies. Due to the weight of objectively verifiable negative evidence, including our history of losses, we believe that it is more likely than not that our U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets will not be realized as of July 31, 2023 and 2022. Accordingly, we have maintained a full valuation allowance against such deferred tax assets. Due to the weight of objectively verifiable negative evidence, our U.K. deferred tax assets are more likely than not to be realized in the future and a full valuation allowance has been maintained as of July 31, 2023 and 2022.

The amount of the deferred tax asset considered realizable, however, could be adjusted if estimates of future taxable income during the carryforward period are reduced or increased or if objective negative evidence in the form of cumulative losses is no longer present and additional weight may be given to subjective evidence such as our projections for growth. In the event we determine that we will be able to realize all or part of our net deferred tax assets in the future, the valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets will be reversed in the period in which we make such determination. The release of a valuation allowance may cause greater volatility in the effective tax rate in the periods in which the valuation allowance is released. The valuation allowance against our U.S. federal, state and U.K. deferred tax assets increased by $117.5 million, $208.2 million and $215.5 million in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively. The increase in the valuation allowance in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021 was related to tax losses for which insufficient positive evidence exists to support their realizability.

As of July 31, 2023, we have net operating loss carryforwards for U.S. federal income tax purposes of $1,619.0 million, which are available to offset future federal taxable income. These net operating losses will carry forward indefinitely. As of July 31, 2023, we have net operating loss carryforwards for state income tax purposes of $621.6 million. Beginning in 2024, $481.5 million of state net operating losses will begin to expire at different periods. The remaining $140.1 million of state net operating losses will carry forward indefinitely. As of July 31, 2023, we had foreign net operating loss carryforward of $71.6 million, all of which will be carried forward indefinitely.

As of July 31, 2023, we had federal and California research and development and other tax credit carryforwards of approximately $81.0 million and $53.2 million, respectively. If not utilized, the federal credit carryforwards will begin expiring at different periods beginning in 2038. The California credit will be carried forward indefinitely.

Federal and state tax laws impose restrictions on the utilization of net operating loss carryforwards in the event of a change in our ownership as defined by the Internal Revenue Code, Sections 382. Under Section 382 of the Code, substantial changes in our ownership and the ownership of acquired companies may limit the amount of net operating loss carryforwards that are available to offset taxable income. The annual limitation would not automatically result in the loss of net operating loss carryforwards but may limit the amount available in any given future period.

We are subject to income taxes in the U.S. and various foreign jurisdictions. As of July 31, 2023, all years are open for examination and may become subject to examination in the future. Significant judgment is required in evaluating our tax positions and determining our income tax expense for the fiscal year. During the ordinary course of business, there are transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. Our estimate of the potential outcome of any tax position is subject to management’s assessment of relevant risks, facts and circumstances existing at that time. These unrecognized tax benefits are established when we believe that certain positions might be challenged despite the belief that our tax return positions are fully supportable. We recognize interest and penalties associated with our unrecognized tax benefits as a component of our income tax expense. For the periods presented, we did not have material interest or penalties associated with the unrecognized tax benefits in the consolidated financial statements.

We had $40.7 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits as of July 31, 2023, of which 1.7 million would affect our effective tax rate if recognized. The remaining gross unrecognized tax benefits relate to income tax positions which, if recognized, would be in the form of additional deferred tax assets that would be offset by a valuation allowance. As of July 31, 2023, we do not believe that our estimates, as otherwise provided for, on such tax positions will significantly increase or decrease within the next twelve months. We recognize interest and penalties related to our unrecognized tax benefits within our provision for income taxes. The amount of interest and penalties accrued as of July 31, 2023 were insignificant.

The changes in our gross unrecognized tax benefits consisted of the following:


	Amount
	(in thousands)
Balance as of July 31, 2021	$	18,501
Gross increase for tax positions of prior fiscal years	1,129
Gross increase for tax positions of current fiscal years	10,069
Balance as of July 31, 2022	29,699
Gross increase for tax positions of prior fiscal years	1,653
Gross increase for tax positions of current fiscal year	9,337
Balance as of July 31, 2023	$	40,689

- Definition

The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.

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+ Details

Operating Leases - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease, payments	$ 32,197	$ 27,663	$ 22,051
Operating lease, not yet commenced, amount	$ 16,700
Minimum
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease, not yet commenced, term	1 year 10 months 24 days
Maximum
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease, not yet commenced, term	3 years

Audit Information	12 Months Ended
Audit Information	Jul. 31, 2023
Audit Information [Abstract]
Auditor Firm ID	238
Auditor Name	PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Auditor Location	San Jose, California

Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details) shares in Thousands			12 Months Ended
	Aug. 01, 2022 USD ($) shares	Jun. 25, 2020 shares	Jul. 31, 2023 USD ($) shares segment	Jul. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Jul. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Jul. 31, 2020 USD ($)
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Number of reportable segments \| segment			1
Number of operating segments \| segment			1
Investment impairment			$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
Capitalized software costs			48,600,000	32,700,000	16,500,000
Capitalized software, amortization expense			24,200,000	13,000,000	5,900,000
Impairment of goodwill			0	0	0
Asset impairment charges			$ 0	0	$ 400,000
Impairment, long-lived asset, held-for-use, statement of income or comprehensive income [Extensible Enumeration]					General and administrative
Requisite service period			4 years
Total carrying value			$ 1,149,993,000	1,149,995,000
Cumulative effect adjustment			$ 725,112,000	573,300,000	$ 528,895,000	$ 484,829,000
Number of shares if notes converted (in shares) \| shares	7,630	7,626	7,600
Advertising expense			$ 24,000,000	22,100,000	11,800,000
Additional Paid-In Capital
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Cumulative effect adjustment			1,816,915,000	1,590,885,000	1,131,006,000	823,804,000
Accumulated Deficit
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Cumulative effect adjustment			$ (1,090,374,000)	(991,878,000)	$ (601,600,000)	$ (339,571,000)
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Total carrying value	$ 169,900,000
Cumulative effect adjustment				(169,899,000)
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment \| Additional Paid-In Capital
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Cumulative effect adjustment	(273,700,000)			(273,738,000)
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment \| Accumulated Deficit
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Cumulative effect adjustment	$ 103,800,000			$ 103,839,000
Capitalized internal-use software
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Estimated useful life			3 years
Minimum
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Contract with customer, term of contract			1 year
Estimated useful life			3 years
Maximum
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Contract with customer, term of contract			3 years
Estimated useful life			5 years

Common Stock (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Equity [Abstract]

Schedule of Common Stock

The following table summarizes our shares of common stock reserved for future issuance:


			July 31, 2023
			(in thousands)
Equity awards outstanding:
Stock options			1,267
Unvested restricted stock units			8,339
Committed unvested performance stock awards, based on the target number of shares			377

Unvested performance stock awards			1,012
Share purchase rights committed under the employee stock purchase plan			1,119
Equity awards available for future grants:
Equity incentive plans			27,921
Employee stock purchase plan			4,666
Stock reserved for settlement of the Notes			7,626
Total			52,327

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of an entity's stock, including par or stated value per share, number and dollar amount of share subscriptions, shares authorized, shares issued, shares outstanding, number and dollar amount of shares held in an employee trust, dividend per share, total dividends, share conversion features, par value plus additional paid in capital, the value of treasury stock and other information necessary to a fair presentation, and EPS information. Stock by class includes common, convertible, and preferred stocks which are not redeemable or redeemable solely at the option of the issuer. Includes preferred stock with redemption features that are solely within the control of the issuer and mandatorily redeemable stock if redemption is required to occur only upon liquidation or termination of the reporting entity. If more than one issue is outstanding, state the title of each issue and the corresponding dollar amount; dollar amount of any shares subscribed but unissued and the deduction of subscriptions receivable there from; number of shares authorized, issued, and outstanding.

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+ Details

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
Cash Flows From Operating Activities
Net loss	$ (202,335)	$ (390,278)	$ (262,029)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization expense	55,756	40,456	29,663
Amortization expense of acquired intangible assets	11,060	9,010	6,795
Amortization of deferred contract acquisition costs	98,718	68,531	40,558
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs	3,894	55,141	51,923
Non-cash operating lease costs	32,212	25,626	20,995
Stock-based compensation expense	444,834	409,562	258,535
Amortization (accretion) of investments purchased at a premium (discount)	(6,582)	6,580	11,715
Unrealized (gains) losses on hedging transactions	(3,319)	1,499	209
Deferred income taxes	352	(562)	(2,406)
Impairment of assets	0	0	416
Other	(820)	(1,104)	98
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of business combinations
Accounts receivable	(183,858)	(143,336)	(111,605)
Deferred contract acquisition costs	(176,950)	(158,503)	(137,673)
Prepaid expenses, other current and noncurrent assets	(39,922)	(10,287)	(3,388)
Accounts payable	(8,416)	14,358	7,451
Accrued expenses, other current and noncurrent liabilities	26,814	13,377	6,532
Accrued compensation	24,538	18,326	43,877
Deferred revenue	418,564	391,179	262,425
Operating lease liabilities	(32,197)	(27,663)	(22,051)
Net cash provided by operating activities	462,343	321,912	202,040
Cash Flows From Investing Activities
Purchases of property, equipment and other assets	(97,197)	(69,296)	(48,165)
Capitalized internal-use software	(31,527)	(21,284)	(10,132)
Payments for business acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(15,643)	(25,287)	(40,530)
Purchase of strategic investments	(3,206)	0	(3,077)
Purchases of short-term investments	(1,064,143)	(844,944)	(815,480)
Proceeds from maturities of short-term investments	901,849	1,334,874	785,217
Proceeds from sale of short-term investments	50,530	0	22,499
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	(259,337)	374,063	(109,668)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities
Proceeds from issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options	3,944	6,943	18,221
Proceeds from issuance of common stock under the employee stock purchase plan	42,263	34,649	25,704
Payment of deferred consideration related to business acquisitions	(215)	(250)	(2,250)
Other	(2)	(5)	0
Net cash provided by financing activities	45,990	41,337	41,675
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	248,996	737,312	134,047
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	1,013,210	275,898	141,851
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	1,262,206	1,013,210	275,898
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information
Cash paid for income taxes, net of tax refunds	14,940	5,606	4,144
Cash paid for interest expense	1,438	1,438	1,462
Non-Cash Activities
Net change in purchased equipment included in accounts payable and accrued expenses	1,588	(997)	14
Operating lease right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations, net of terminations	29,129	51,962	27,627
Vesting of early exercised common stock options	$ 0	$ 0	$ 93

Net Loss Per Share - Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation (Details) shares in Thousands			12 Months Ended
	Aug. 01, 2022 shares	Jun. 25, 2020 shares $ / shares	Jul. 31, 2023 shares $ / shares	Jul. 31, 2022 shares	Jul. 31, 2021 shares
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities (in shares)			19,466	17,750	18,569
Number of shares if notes converted (in shares)	7,630	7,626	7,600
Conversion price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares		$ 150.80	$ 150.80
Unvested RSUs and shares of common stock
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities (in shares)			8,442	6,769	7,440
Stock options
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities (in shares)			1,267	1,673	2,597
Unvested PSAs
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities (in shares)			1,012	832	562
Number of unvested PSAs as a percentage of target			100.00%
Share purchase rights under the ESPP
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities (in shares)			1,119	850	344
Notes
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities (in shares)			7,626	7,626	7,626

Common Stock - Schedule of Common Stock (Details) - shares shares in Thousands	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Equity awards outstanding (in shares)	1,267	1,673
Equity awards available for future grants (in shares)	52,327
Stock options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Equity awards outstanding (in shares)	1,267
Unvested restricted stock units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Equity awards outstanding (in shares)	8,339
Committed unvested performance stock awards, based on the target number of shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Equity awards outstanding (in shares)	377
Unvested performance stock awards
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Equity awards outstanding (in shares)	1,012
Equity incentive plans
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Equity awards available for future grants (in shares)	27,921
Employee stock purchase plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Equity awards outstanding (in shares)	1,119
Equity awards available for future grants (in shares)	4,666
Stock reserved for settlement of the Notes
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Equity awards available for future grants (in shares)	7,626

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net loss	$ (202,335)	$ (390,278)	$ (262,029)
Available-for-sale securities:
Change in net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities	1,592	(12,083)	(486)
Cash flow hedging instruments:
Change in net unrealized gains (losses)	11,103	(20,130)	(228)
Net realized losses (gains) reclassified into net loss	11,579	7,013	(399)
Net change on cash flow hedges	22,682	(13,117)	(627)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	24,274	(25,200)	(1,113)
Comprehensive loss	$ (178,061)	$ (415,478)	$ (263,142)

Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets

Goodwill

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill consisted of the following:


	Amount
	(in thousands)
Balance as of July 31, 2022	$	78,547
Goodwill acquired	10,645
Balance as of July 31, 2023	$	89,192

Acquired Intangible Assets

Acquired intangible assets consist of developed technology and customer relationships acquired through our business combinations and asset acquisitions. Acquired intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives.

During fiscal 2023, in connection with the acquisition of Canonic, we acquired developed technology with a fair value of $5.1 million with an estimated useful life of 5.0 years. For further information refer to Note 6, Business Combinations.

Changes in acquired intangible assets for July 31, 2023 and 2022, consisted of the following:


	Gross Carrying Amount						Accumulated Amortization						Net Carrying Amount				Weighted Average Remaining Useful life
	July 31, 2022		Additions		July 31, 2023		July 31, 2022		Amortization Expense		July 31, 2023		July 31, 2022		July 31, 2023		July 31, 2023

	(in thousands)																(years)
Developed technology	$	48,356	$	5,100	$	53,456	$	(18,972)	$	(10,287)	$	(29,259)	$	29,384	$	24,197	3.0
Customer relationships	3,560		—		3,560		(1,125)		(773)		(1,898)		2,435		1,662		2.3
Total	$	51,916	$	5,100	$	57,016	$	(20,097)	$	(11,060)	$	(31,157)	$	31,819	$	25,859	3.0

As of July 31, 2022, the weighted-average remaining useful life for developed technology and customer relationships was 3.6 years and 3.5 years, respectively.

Amortization expense of acquired intangible assets was $11.1 million, $9.0 million and $6.8 million in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively. Amortization expense of developed technology and customer relationships is included primarily within cost of revenue and sales and marketing expenses, respectively, in the consolidated statements of operations.

Future amortization expense of acquired intangible assets as of July 31, 2023 consisted of the following:


	Amount
	(in thousands)
Year ending July 31,

2024	$	11,320
2025	6,265
2026	5,252
2027	2,428
Thereafter	594
Total	$	25,859

Operating Leases - Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$ 70,671	$ 72,357
Operating lease liabilities, current	34,469	26,100
Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent	41,917	50,948
Real Estate Arrangements
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease right-of-use assets	18,493	18,530
Operating lease liabilities, current	6,777	6,073
Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent	14,875	16,571
Co-Location Arrangements
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease right-of-use assets	52,178	53,827
Operating lease liabilities, current	27,692	20,027
Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent	$ 27,042	$ 34,377

Derivative Instruments - Schedule of Derivative Instruments Designated as Fair Value Hedges (Details) - Interest rate swaps: $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Hedged items	$ 8,306
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	(8,028)
Total	$ 278

Common Stock

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Equity [Abstract]

Common Stock

Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share of common stock held and are not entitled to receive dividends unless declared by our board of directors.

Common Stock Reserved for Future Issuance

The following table summarizes our shares of common stock reserved for future issuance:


			July 31, 2023
			(in thousands)
Equity awards outstanding:
Stock options			1,267
Unvested restricted stock units			8,339
Committed unvested performance stock awards, based on the target number of shares			377

Unvested performance stock awards			1,012
Share purchase rights committed under the employee stock purchase plan			1,119
Equity awards available for future grants:
Equity incentive plans			27,921
Employee stock purchase plan			4,666
Stock reserved for settlement of the Notes			7,626
Total			52,327

- Definition

The entire disclosure for equity.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (h)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-14

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481062/946-235-50-2

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
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-Subparagraph (d)
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Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481004/946-505-50-6

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
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Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 235
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-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(e)(1))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

Reference 10: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 505
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//505/tableOfContent

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
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Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
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-Subparagraph (i)
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Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-18

+ Details

Property and Equipment and Purchased Intangible Assets - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Historical cost	$ 57,016	$ 51,916
Accumulated amortization	31,157	20,097
Depreciation and amortization expense	55,756	40,456	$ 29,663
Capitalization of development costs of software for internal-use	$ 444,834	409,562	258,535
IP Addresses
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Useful life	10 years
Historical cost	$ 8,600	6,400
Accumulated amortization	1,600	800
Capitalized internal-use software
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Capitalization of development costs of software for internal-use	$ 8,400	$ 4,500	$ 1,600

Revenue Recognition

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue Recognition

Disaggregation of Revenue

Subscription and support revenue is recognized over time and accounted for approximately 97% of our revenue for each of the fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively.

The following table summarizes the revenue by region based on the shipping address of customers who have contracted to use our cloud platform:


	Year Ended July 31,
	2023				2022				2021
	Amount		% Revenue		Amount		% Revenue		Amount		% Revenue

	(in thousands, except for percentage data)
United States	$	808,527	50	%	$	536,924	49	%	$	329,299	49	%
Europe, Middle East and Africa (*)	515,136		32		370,035		34		253,138		38
Asia Pacific	241,250		15		155,460		14		76,105		11
Other	52,039		3		28,527		3		14,558		2
Total	$	1,616,952	100	%	$	1,090,946	100	%	$	673,100	100	%

_____

(*) Revenue from the United Kingdom represented 10% of our revenue in fiscal 2021. Revenue from the United Kingdom represented less than 10% of our revenue in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2023.

The following table summarizes the revenue from contracts by type of customer:


	Year Ended July 31,
	2023				2022				2021
	Amount		% Revenue		Amount		% Revenue		Amount		% Revenue

	(in thousands, except for percentage data)
Channel partners	$	1,488,379	92	%	$	1,016,747	93	%	$	632,416	94	%
Direct customers	128,573		8		74,199		7		40,684		6
Total	$	1,616,952	100	%	$	1,090,946	100	%	$	673,100	100	%

Significant Customers

No single customer accounted for 10% or more of the total revenue or the total balance of accounts receivable, net in the periods presented.

Contract Balances

Contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue and include payments received in advance of performance under the contract. Such amounts are recognized as revenue over the contractual period. Deferred revenue, including current and noncurrent balances as of July 31, 2023 and July 31, 2022 was $1,439.7 million and $1,021.1 million, respectively. In fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021 we recognized revenue of $919.9 million, $570.3 million and $335.5 million, respectively, that was included in the corresponding contract liability balance at the beginning of the related fiscal year.

We receive payments from customers based upon contractual billing schedules and accounts receivable are recorded when the right to consideration becomes unconditional. Payment terms on invoiced amounts are typically 30 days but may be up to 90 days for some of our channel partners. Contract assets include amounts related to our contractual right to

consideration for both completed and partially completed performance obligations that may not have been invoiced and such amounts have historically not been material.

Remaining Performance Obligations

The typical subscription and support term is one to three years. Most of our subscription and support contracts are non-cancelable over the contractual term. However, customers typically have the right to terminate their contracts for cause, if we fail to perform. As of July 31, 2023, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was $3,513.6 million. We expect to recognize 49% of the transaction price over the next 12 months and 95% of the transaction price over the next three years, with the remainder recognized thereafter.

Costs to Obtain and Fulfill a Contract

We capitalize sales commission and associated payroll taxes paid to sales personnel that are incremental to the acquisition of channel partner and direct customer contracts. These costs are recorded as deferred contract acquisition costs in the consolidated balance sheets. We determine whether costs should be deferred based on our sales compensation plans, if the commissions are in fact incremental and would not have occurred absent the customer contract.

Sales commissions for renewal of a contract are not considered commensurate with the commissions paid for the acquisition of the initial contract given the substantive difference in commission rates in proportion to their respective contract values. Commissions paid upon the initial acquisition of a contract are amortized over an estimated period of benefit of five years while commissions paid for renewal contracts are amortized over the contractual term of the renewals. Amortization of deferred contract acquisition costs is recognized on a straight-line basis commensurate with the pattern of revenue recognition and included in sales and marketing expense in the consolidated statements of operations.

We determine the period of benefit for commissions paid for the acquisition of the initial contract by taking into consideration the expected subscription term and expected renewals of our customer contracts, the duration of our relationships with our customers, customer retention data, our technology development lifecycle and other factors. We periodically review the carrying amount of deferred contract acquisition costs to determine whether events or changes in circumstances have occurred that could impact the period of benefit of these deferred costs. We did not recognize any impairment losses of deferred contract acquisition costs during the periods presented.

The activity of the deferred contract acquisition costs consisted of the following:


	Year Ended July 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(in thousands)
Beginning balance	$	297,002	$	207,030	$	109,915
Capitalization of contract acquisition costs	176,950		158,503		137,673
Amortization of deferred contract acquisition costs	(98,718)		(68,531)		(40,558)
Ending balance	$	375,234	$	297,002	$	207,030

The outstanding balance of the deferred contract acquisition costs consisted of the following:


	July 31,
	2023		2022

	(in thousands)
Deferred contract acquisition costs, current	$	115,827	$	86,210
Deferred contract acquisition costs, noncurrent	259,407		210,792
Total deferred contract acquisition costs	$	375,234	$	297,002

Sales commissions accrued but not paid as of July 31, 2023 and 2022, totaled $48.0 million and $47.2 million, respectively, which are included within accrued compensation in the consolidated balance sheets.

- Definition

The entire disclosure of revenue from contract with customer to transfer good or service and to transfer nonfinancial asset. Includes, but is not limited to, disaggregation of revenue, credit loss recognized from contract with customer, judgment and change in judgment related to contract with customer, and asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer. Excludes insurance and lease contracts.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 9
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-9

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
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Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-13

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 606
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//606/tableOfContent

+ Details

Operating Leases - Future Maturities (Details) $ in Thousands	Jul. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Payment, Due [Abstract]
2024	$ 36,556
2025	31,445
2026	10,573
2027	1,120
Total future minimum lease payments	79,694
Less: Imputed interest	3,308
Total	76,386
Real Estate Arrangements
Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Payment, Due [Abstract]
2024	7,604
2025	7,530
2026	6,928
2027	1,120
Total future minimum lease payments	23,182
Less: Imputed interest	1,530
Total	21,652
Co-Location Arrangements
Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Payment, Due [Abstract]
2024	28,952
2025	23,915
2026	3,645
2027	0
Total future minimum lease payments	56,512
Less: Imputed interest	1,778
Total	$ 54,734

Net Loss Per Share - Net Loss Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net loss, basic	$ (202,335)	$ (390,278)	$ (262,029)
Net loss, diluted	$ (202,335)	$ (390,278)	$ (262,029)
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share, basic (in shares)	144,942	140,895	135,654
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share, diluted (in shares)	144,942	140,895	135,654
Net loss per share, basic (in dollars per share)	$ (1.40)	$ (2.77)	$ (1.93)
Net loss per share, diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (1.40)	$ (2.77)	$ (1.93)

- Definition

The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-3

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+ Details

- Definition

The amount of net income (loss) for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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- Definition

Amount, after deduction of tax, noncontrolling interests, dividends on preferred stock and participating securities, and addition from assumption of issuance of common shares for dilutive potential common shares; of income (loss) available to common shareholders.

+ References + Details

Net Loss Per Share- Narrative (Details) - $ / shares	Jul. 31, 2023	Jun. 25, 2020
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Conversion price (in dollars per share)	$ 150.80	$ 150.80

Revenue Recognition (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Schedule of Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table summarizes the revenue by region based on the shipping address of customers who have contracted to use our cloud platform:


	Year Ended July 31,
	2023				2022				2021
	Amount		% Revenue		Amount		% Revenue		Amount		% Revenue

	(in thousands, except for percentage data)
United States	$	808,527	50	%	$	536,924	49	%	$	329,299	49	%
Europe, Middle East and Africa (*)	515,136		32		370,035		34		253,138		38
Asia Pacific	241,250		15		155,460		14		76,105		11
Other	52,039		3		28,527		3		14,558		2
Total	$	1,616,952	100	%	$	1,090,946	100	%	$	673,100	100	%

_____

(*) Revenue from the United Kingdom represented 10% of our revenue in fiscal 2021. Revenue from the United Kingdom represented less than 10% of our revenue in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2023.

The following table summarizes the revenue from contracts by type of customer:


	Year Ended July 31,
	2023				2022				2021
	Amount		% Revenue		Amount		% Revenue		Amount		% Revenue

	(in thousands, except for percentage data)
Channel partners	$	1,488,379	92	%	$	1,016,747	93	%	$	632,416	94	%
Direct customers	128,573		8		74,199		7		40,684		6
Total	$	1,616,952	100	%	$	1,090,946	100	%	$	673,100	100	%

Schedule of Capitalized Contract Cost

The activity of the deferred contract acquisition costs consisted of the following:


	Year Ended July 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(in thousands)
Beginning balance	$	297,002	$	207,030	$	109,915
Capitalization of contract acquisition costs	176,950		158,503		137,673
Amortization of deferred contract acquisition costs	(98,718)		(68,531)		(40,558)
Ending balance	$	375,234	$	297,002	$	207,030

The outstanding balance of the deferred contract acquisition costs consisted of the following:


	July 31,
	2023		2022

	(in thousands)
Deferred contract acquisition costs, current	$	115,827	$	86,210
Deferred contract acquisition costs, noncurrent	259,407		210,792
Total deferred contract acquisition costs	$	375,234	$	297,002

Commitments and Contingencies

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

Non-cancelable Purchase Obligations

In the normal course of business, we enter into non-cancelable purchase commitments with various third parties to purchase products and services such as technology equipment, subscription-based cloud service arrangements, corporate and marketing events and consulting services. As of July 31, 2023 and 2022, we had outstanding non-cancelable purchase obligations with a term of 12 months or longer of $94.6 million and $126.8 million, respectively.

The maturities of non-cancelable purchase obligations with a term of 12 months or longer consisted of the following as of July 31, 2023:



	Amount
Year ending July 31,	(in thousands)
2024	$	21,956
2025	32,198
2026	24,675
2027	15,745

Total	$	94,574

Other Commitments

As of July 31, 2023 and 2022, we had outstanding irrevocable standby unsecured letters of credits and a guarantee for an aggregate value of $2.1 million with a bank, which serve as security under certain real estate leases included in Note 11, Operating Leases.

Legal Matters

Litigation and Claims

We are a party to various litigation matters from time to time and subject to claims that arise in the ordinary course of business, including patent, commercial, product liability, employment, class action, whistleblower and other litigation and claims, as well as governmental and other regulatory investigations and proceedings. In addition, third parties may from time to time assert claims against us in the form of letters and other communications. There is no pending or threatened legal proceeding to which we are a party that, in our opinion, is likely to have a material adverse effect on our future financial results or operations; however, the results of litigation and claims are inherently unpredictable. Regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other factors. The expense of litigation and the timing of this expense from period to period are difficult to estimate, subject to change and could adversely affect our results of operations.

Cover Page - USD ($) $ in Billions	12 Months Ended
Cover Page - USD ($) $ in Billions	Jul. 31, 2023	Aug. 31, 2023	Jan. 31, 2023
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-K
Document Annual Report	true
Document Period End Date	Jul. 31, 2023
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--07-31
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-38413
Entity Registrant Name	ZSCALER, INC.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	26-1173892
Entity Address, Address Line One	120 Holger Way
Entity Address, City or Town	San Jose
Entity Address, State or Province	CA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	95134
City Area Code	408
Local Phone Number	533-0288
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, $0.001 Par Value
Trading Symbol	ZS
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag	true
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 9.8
Shares Outstanding		147,168,773
Documents Incorporated by Reference	Portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement relating to its fiscal year 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K where indicated. Such Proxy Statement will be filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year to which this Annual Report on Form 10-K relates.
Entity Central Index Key	0001713683
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Amendment Flag	false

Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets - Schedule of Goodwill (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, beginning balance	$ 78,547
Goodwill acquired	10,645
Goodwill, ending balance	$ 89,192

- Definition

Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.

+ References + Details

Income Taxes - Schedule of Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021	Jul. 31, 2020
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating losses carryovers	$ 401,261	$ 487,298
Deferred revenue	122,326	69,511
R&D capitalization	92,901	0
Tax credits carryovers	98,564	68,272
Other	75,598	58,141
Gross deferred tax assets	790,650	683,222
Less: Valuation allowance	(671,381)	(553,916)	$ (345,756)	$ (130,236)
Total deferred tax assets	119,269	129,306
Deferred tax liabilities:
Other	(9,412)	(6,319)
Deferred contract acquisition costs	(86,805)	(67,512)
Convertible senior notes	0	(39,515)
Operating lease right-of-use assets	(22,403)	(15,739)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(118,620)	(129,085)
Net deferred tax assets	$ 649	$ 221

Operating Leases (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Leases [Abstract]

Summary of Operating Lease Costs

The following is a summary of our operating lease costs:


	Year Ended July 31,
	2023								2022								2021
	Real Estate Arrangements			Co-Location Arrangements			Total		Real Estate Arrangements			Co-Location Arrangements			Total		Real Estate Arrangements			Co-Location Arrangements			Total
	(in thousands)
Operating lease, including imputed interest	$	7,858		$	24,677		$	32,535	$	6,347		$	19,356		$	25,703	$	6,442		$	14,504		$	20,946
Short-term lease cost	4,314			5,688			10,002		2,826			1,889			4,715		1,527			694			2,221
Variable lease cost	6,992			4,956			11,948		3,163			4,480			7,643		3,192			3,244			6,436
Sublease income	—			—			—		—			—			—		(199)			—			(199)
Total operating lease costs	$	19,164		$	35,321		$	54,485	$	12,336		$	25,725		$	38,061	$	10,962		$	18,442		$	29,404
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years)	3.0			2.0					3.7			2.7					4.7			1.9
Weighted-average discount rate	4.5		%	3.2		%			4.1		%	2.2		%			4.4		%	2.3		%

Summary of Lease Assets and Liabilities

The following table presents information about our leases in the consolidated balance sheets:


	July 31,
	2023						2022
	Real Estate Arrangements		Co-Location Arrangements		Total		Real Estate Arrangements		Co-Location Arrangements		Total
	(in thousands)
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$	18,493	$	52,178	$	70,671	$	18,530	$	53,827	$	72,357
Operating lease liabilities, current	$	6,777	$	27,692	$	34,469	$	6,073	$	20,027	$	26,100
Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent	$	14,875	$	27,042	$	41,917	$	16,571	$	34,377	$	50,948

Schedule of Lease Maturities

Maturities of operating lease liabilities consisted of the following as of July 31, 2023:



	Real Estate Arrangements		Co-Location Arrangements		Total
Year ending July 31,	(in thousands)
2024	$	7,604	$	28,952	$	36,556
2025	7,530		23,915		31,445
2026	6,928		3,645		10,573
2027	1,120		—		1,120

Total future minimum lease payments	23,182		56,512		79,694
Less: Imputed interest	1,530		1,778		3,308
Total	$	21,652	$	54,734	$	76,386

Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Income before Income Tax, Domestic and Foreign

The following table sets forth the geographical breakdown of the income (loss) before the provision for income taxes:


	Year ended July 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(in thousands)
Domestic	$	(228,715)	$	(413,148)	$	(275,189)
International	46,151		29,518		18,011
Loss before provision for income taxes	$	(182,564)	$	(383,630)	$	(257,178)

Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

The following table sets forth the components of the provision for income taxes:


	Year ended July 31,
	2023		2022		2021

Current:	(in thousands)
Federal	$	1,091	$	—	$	—
State	3,890		399		126
Foreign	14,438		6,996		7,104
Total current tax expense	19,419		7,395		7,230

Deferred:
Federal	—		(858)		(349)
State	—		(185)		(3)
Foreign	352		296		(2,027)
Total deferred tax benefit (expense)	352		(747)		(2,379)

Total provision for income taxes	$	19,771	$	6,648	$	4,851

Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation

The following table presents the reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate to our effective tax rate:


	Year ended July 31,
	2023		2022		2021
Tax at federal statutory rate	21.0	%	21.0	%	21.0	%
State taxes	(2.1)		(0.1)		—
Impact of foreign rate differential	10.1		(0.4)		0.4
Stock-based compensation	(0.8)		17.6		43.9
U.S. tax credits	8.6		3.9		4.1
Change in valuation allowance	(34.1)		(43.6)		(70.6)
Withholding tax	(1.3)		(0.2)		(0.7)
Waived deductions under Section 59A	(11.8)		—		—
Other	(0.5)		0.1		—
Effective tax rate	(10.9)	%	(1.7)	%	(1.9)	%

Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

The following table presents the tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of our deferred tax assets and liabilities:


	July 31,
	2023		2022

	(in thousands)
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating losses carryovers	$	401,261	$	487,298

Deferred revenue	122,326		69,511
R&D capitalization	92,901		—
Tax credits carryovers	98,564		68,272


Other	75,598		58,141
Gross deferred tax assets	790,650		683,222
Less: Valuation allowance	(671,381)		(553,916)
Total deferred tax assets	$	119,269	$	129,306

Deferred tax liabilities:
Other	$	(9,412)	$	(6,319)
Deferred contract acquisition costs	(86,805)		(67,512)
Convertible senior notes	—		(39,515)
Operating lease right-of-use assets	(22,403)		(15,739)
Total deferred tax liabilities	$	(118,620)	$	(129,085)

Net deferred tax assets	$	649	$	221

Schedule of Valuation Allowance

The following table presents the change in the valuation allowance:


	Year ended July 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(in thousands)
Balance as of the beginning of the period	$	553,916	$	345,756	$	130,236
Change during the period	117,465		208,160		215,520
Balance as of the end of the period	$	671,381	$	553,916	$	345,756

Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits Roll Forward

The changes in our gross unrecognized tax benefits consisted of the following:


	Amount
	(in thousands)
Balance as of July 31, 2021	$	18,501
Gross increase for tax positions of prior fiscal years	1,129
Gross increase for tax positions of current fiscal years	10,069
Balance as of July 31, 2022	29,699
Gross increase for tax positions of prior fiscal years	1,653
Gross increase for tax positions of current fiscal year	9,337
Balance as of July 31, 2023	$	40,689

Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Goodwill

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill consisted of the following:


	Amount
	(in thousands)
Balance as of July 31, 2022	$	78,547
Goodwill acquired	10,645
Balance as of July 31, 2023	$	89,192

Schedule of Acquired Intangible Assets

Changes in acquired intangible assets for July 31, 2023 and 2022, consisted of the following:


	Gross Carrying Amount						Accumulated Amortization						Net Carrying Amount				Weighted Average Remaining Useful life
	July 31, 2022		Additions		July 31, 2023		July 31, 2022		Amortization Expense		July 31, 2023		July 31, 2022		July 31, 2023		July 31, 2023

	(in thousands)																(years)
Developed technology	$	48,356	$	5,100	$	53,456	$	(18,972)	$	(10,287)	$	(29,259)	$	29,384	$	24,197	3.0
Customer relationships	3,560		—		3,560		(1,125)		(773)		(1,898)		2,435		1,662		2.3
Total	$	51,916	$	5,100	$	57,016	$	(20,097)	$	(11,060)	$	(31,157)	$	31,819	$	25,859	3.0

Schedule of Future Amortization Expense

Future amortization expense of acquired intangible assets as of July 31, 2023 consisted of the following:


	Amount
	(in thousands)
Year ending July 31,

2024	$	11,320
2025	6,265
2026	5,252
2027	2,428
Thereafter	594
Total	$	25,859

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of goodwill by reportable segment and in total which includes a rollforward schedule.

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-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (e)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (f)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (g)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1A
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1A

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-2

+ Details

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	200,000,000	200,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	1,000,000,000	1,000,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	147,169,000	143,038,000
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	147,169,000	143,038,000

Income Taxes - Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Excluding Amounts Pertaining to Examined Tax Returns [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 29,699	$ 18,501
Gross increase for tax positions of prior fiscal years	1,653	1,129
Gross increase for tax positions of current fiscal year	9,337	10,069
Ending balance	$ 40,689	$ 29,699

Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]

Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments

Cash equivalents and short-term investments consisted of the following as of July 31, 2023:


	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value

	(in thousands)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	768,003	$	—	$	—	$	768,003
U.S. treasury securities	157,250		—		(30)		157,220
U.S. government agency securities	166,671		—		(35)		166,636
Corporate debt securities	38,800		—		—		38,800
Total cash equivalents	$	1,130,724	$	—	$	(65)	$	1,130,659

Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury securities	$	175,451	$	—	$	(1,875)	$	173,576
U.S. government agency securities	266,392		2		(4,299)		262,095
Corporate debt securities	406,517		49		(4,211)		402,355
Total short-term investments	$	848,360	$	51	$	(10,385)	$	838,026

Total cash equivalents and short-term investments	$	1,979,084	$	51	$	(10,450)	$	1,968,685

Cash equivalents and short-term investments consisted of the following as of July 31, 2022:


	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value

	(in thousands)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	247,613	$	—	$	—	$	247,613
U.S. treasury securities	202,778		—		(70)		202,708
U.S. government agency securities	135,525		2		(38)		135,489
Corporate debt securities	106,272		—		—		106,272
Total cash equivalents	$	692,188	$	2	$	(108)	$	692,082

Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury securities	$	96,089	$	10	$	(251)	$	95,848
U.S. government agency securities	339,957		6		(6,628)		333,335
Corporate debt securities	293,968		—		(5,022)		288,946
Total short-term investments	$	730,014	$	16	$	(11,901)	$	718,129

Total cash equivalents and short-term investments	$	1,422,202	$	18	$	(12,009)	$	1,410,211

The amortized cost and fair value of our short-term investments based on their stated maturities consisted of the following as of July 31, 2023:


	Amortized Cost		Fair Value

	(in thousands)
Due within one year	$	409,026	$	406,681
Due between one to three years	439,334		431,345
Total	$	848,360	$	838,026

Short-term investments that were in an unrealized loss position as of July 31, 2023 consisted of the following:


	Less than 12 Months				Greater than 12 Months				Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses

	(in thousands)
U.S. treasury securities	$	173,576	$	(1,875)	$	—	$	—	$	173,576	$	(1,875)
U.S. government agency securities	119,558		(292)		131,530		(4,007)		251,088		(4,299)
Corporate debt securities	232,504		(2,034)		82,599		(2,177)		315,103		(4,211)
Total	$	525,638	$	(4,201)	$	214,129	$	(6,184)	$	739,767	$	(10,385)

Short-term investments that were in an unrealized loss position as of July 31, 2022 consisted of the following:


	Less than 12 Months				Greater than 12 Months				Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses

	(in thousands)
U.S. treasury securities	$	80,833	$	(251)	$	—	$	—	$	80,833	$	(251)
U.S. government agency securities	230,670		(5,150)		50,134		(1,478)		280,804		(6,628)
Corporate debt securities	155,968		(3,947)		71,127		(1,075)		227,095		(5,022)
Total	$	467,471	$	(9,348)	$	121,261	$	(2,553)	$	588,732	$	(11,901)

We review the individual securities that have unrealized losses in our short-term investment portfolio on a regular basis. We evaluate, among others, whether we have the intention to sell any of these investments and whether it is not more likely than not that we will be required to sell any of them before recovery of the amortized cost basis. Neither of these criteria were met in any period presented. We additionally evaluate whether the decline in fair value of the corporate debt securities below their amortized cost basis is related to credit losses or other factors. Based on this evaluation, we determined that unrealized losses of the above securities were primarily attributable to changes in interest rates and non credit-related factors. Accordingly, we determined that an allowance for credit losses was unnecessary for our short-term investments as of July 31, 2023 and 2022.

As of July 31, 2023 and 2022, we recorded $7.2 million and $1.3 million, respectively, of accrued interest receivable within prepaid expenses and other current assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

Strategic Investments

Our strategic investments consist primarily of non-marketable equity securities of privately held companies which do not have a readily determinable fair value. These investments are primarily accounted for under the cost method as we have less than 20% ownership and do not have the ability to exercise significant influence over their operations. As of July 31, 2023

and 2022, the carrying amount of our strategic investments was $7.8 million and $5.1 million, respectively, and is included within other noncurrent assets in the consolidated balance sheets. There were no material events or circumstances impacting their carrying amount during the periods presented.

Property and Equipment and Purchased Intangible Assets (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Schedule of Property and Equipment

Property and equipment consisted of the following:


		July 31,
	Estimated Useful Life	2023		2022

		(in thousands)
Hosting equipment	3 - 4 years	$	280,851	$	191,037
Capitalized internal-use software	3 years	120,877		72,267
Computers and equipment	3 - 5 years	7,107		6,774
Purchased software	3 years	1,311		1,311
Furniture and fixtures	5 years	1,025		1,022
Leasehold improvements	Shorter of useful life or lease term	7,608		7,339
Total property and equipment, gross		418,779		279,750
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization		(176,424)		(119,117)
Total property and equipment, net		$	242,355	$	160,633

Net Loss Per Share

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Net Loss Per Share

Net Loss Per ShareBasic net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, less shares subject to repurchase. The diluted net loss per share is computed by giving effect to all potential dilutive common stock equivalents outstanding for the period. For purposes of this calculation, our stock options, share purchase rights under the employee stock purchase plan, unvested RSUs, unvested PSAs, unvested common stock and shares related to the Notes are considered to be potential common stock equivalents.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share:


	Year Ended July 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(in thousands, except per share data)
Net loss	$	(202,335)	$	(390,278)	$	(262,029)
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share, basic and diluted	144,942		140,895		135,654
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(1.40)	$	(2.77)	$	(1.93)

Since we have reported net losses for all periods presented, we have excluded all potentially dilutive securities from the calculation of the diluted net loss per share as their effect is antidilutive and accordingly, the basic and diluted net loss per share is the same for all periods presented.

Prior to the adoption of ASU 2020-06, we calculated the potential dilutive effect of the Notes under the treasury stock method. As a result, only the amount by which the conversion value exceeded the aggregate principal amount of the Notes (the “conversion spread”) was considered in the diluted earnings per share computation. The conversion spread only had a dilutive impact on diluted net income per share when the average market price of our common stock for a given reporting period exceeded the initial conversion price of $150.80 per share for the Notes.

Upon the adoption of ASU 2020-06 on August 1, 2022, we calculated the potential dilutive effect of the Notes under the if-converted method. Under this method, diluted earnings per share are determined by assuming that all of the Notes were converted into shares of our common stock at the beginning of the reporting period.

In connection with the issuance of the Notes, we entered into Capped Calls, which were not included for purposes of calculating the number of diluted shares outstanding, as their effect would have been anti-dilutive. The Capped Calls are expected to partially offset the potential dilution to our common stock upon any conversion of the Notes. We have not exercised any of the Capped Calls as of July 31, 2023.

The following table summarizes the outstanding potentially dilutive securities that were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share as their effect would be antidilutive:


	July 31,
	2023	2022	2021

	(in thousands)

Unvested RSUs and shares of common stock	8,442	6,769	7,440
Stock options	1,267	1,673	2,597
Unvested PSAs (1)	1,012	832	562
Share purchase rights under the ESPP	1,119	850	344
Notes (2)	7,626	7,626	7,626
Total	19,466	17,750	18,569

Stock-Based Compensation - Stock-based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 444,834	$ 409,562	$ 258,535
Cost of revenue
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	39,168	23,847	14,036
Sales and marketing
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	215,597	191,091	133,115
Research and development
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	117,915	118,299	67,803
General and administrative
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	71,118	76,325	43,581
Restructuring and other charges
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 1,036	$ 0	$ 0

Convertible Senior Notes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Convertible Senior Notes

The following table presents details of the Notes:

Initial Conversion Rate per $1,000 Principal

Initial Conversion Price

Initial Number of Shares

(in thousands)

Notes

6.6315 shares

$150.80

7,626

The net carrying amount of the liability component of the Notes consisted of the following:


	July 31,
	2023		2022
	(in thousands)

Principal amount	$	1,149,993	$	1,149,995
Less:
Unamortized debt discount (1)	—		172,169
Unamortized debt issuance costs (1)	7,528		9,152
Hedge accounting fair value adjustments	8,306		—
Total	$	1,134,159	$	968,674

The following table sets forth total interest expense recognized related to the Notes:



	Year Ended July 31,
	2023		2022		2021
	(in thousands)

Contractual interest expense	$	1,439	$	1,438	$	1,441
Amortization of debt discount (1)	—		52,358		49,302
Amortization of debt issuance costs (1)	3,894		2,783		2,621
Total	$	5,333	$	56,579	$	53,364

Business Combinations - Net Assets Acquired (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands					12 Months Ended
	Feb. 20, 2023	Jun. 17, 2022	Jun. 01, 2021	Apr. 15, 2021	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022
Assets acquired:
Goodwill					$ 89,192	$ 78,547
Developed technology
Liabilities assumed:
Estimated Useful Life						3 years 7 months 6 days
Customer relationships
Liabilities assumed:
Estimated Useful Life						3 years 6 months
Canonic Security Technologies Ltd.
Assets acquired:
Cash, cash equivalents and other assets	$ 673
Deferred tax asset	781
Goodwill	10,645
Total	17,199
Liabilities assumed:
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities	692
Total	692
Total purchase price consideration	16,507
Canonic Security Technologies Ltd. \| Developed technology
Assets acquired:
Developed technology	$ 5,100				$ 5,100
Liabilities assumed:
Estimated Useful Life	5 years				5 years
ShiftRight, Inc.
Assets acquired:
Cash, cash equivalents and other assets		$ 535
Goodwill		18,724
Total		26,359
Liabilities assumed:
Deferred tax liability		682
Other liabilities		99
Total		781
Total purchase price consideration		25,578
ShiftRight, Inc. \| Developed technology
Assets acquired:
Developed technology		$ 7,100
Liabilities assumed:
Estimated Useful Life		5 years
Smokescreen
Assets acquired:
Cash, cash equivalents and other assets			$ 1,347
Goodwill			5,686
Total			14,733
Liabilities assumed:
Deferred tax liability			1,558
Other liabilities			1,516
Total			3,074
Total purchase price consideration			11,659
Smokescreen \| Developed technology
Assets acquired:
Developed technology			$ 5,600
Liabilities assumed:
Estimated Useful Life			5 years
Smokescreen \| Customer relationships
Assets acquired:
Developed technology			$ 2,100
Liabilities assumed:
Estimated Useful Life			5 years
Trustdome
Assets acquired:
Cash, cash equivalents and other assets				$ 1,611
Goodwill				23,232
Total				32,043
Liabilities assumed:
Deferred tax liability				624
Other liabilities				277
Total				901
Total purchase price consideration				31,142
Trustdome \| Developed technology
Assets acquired:
Developed technology				$ 7,200
Liabilities assumed:
Estimated Useful Life				5 years

401(k) Plan	12 Months Ended
401(k) Plan	Jul. 31, 2023
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
401(k) Plan	401(k) Plan We have a defined-contribution plan intended to qualify under Section 401 of the Internal Revenue Code (the "401(k) Plan"). We contract with a third-party provider to act as a custodian and trustee, and to process and maintain the records of participant data. We make matching contributions to the plan for our employees. Our matching contributions to the plan were not material for all the periods presented.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for retirement benefits.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 70
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480794/715-70-50-1

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 17
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480482/715-20-55-17

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (d)(iv)(03)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (d)(i)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (q)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (l)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//715/tableOfContent

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (d)(iii)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (o)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (p)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (r)(1)
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (r)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480126/715-20-S99-2

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 60
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480266/715-60-50-3

+ Details

Segment and Geographic Information - Narrative (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023 segment
Risks and Uncertainties [Abstract]
Number of operating segments	1

Stock-Based Compensation - Valuation Assumptions (Details) - shares	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares granted (in shares)	50,000	0	0
Stock options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected term (in years)	6 years 1 month 6 days
Expected stock price volatility	58.20%
Risk-free interest rate	3.90%
Dividend yield	0.00%
Employee Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected stock price volatility, minimum	58.10%	44.10%	46.20%
Expected stock price volatility, maximum	75.90%	79.40%	67.40%
Risk-free interest rate, minimum	4.20%	0.10%	0.10%
Risk-free interest rate, maximum	5.30%	3.20%	0.20%
Dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Employee Stock \| Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected term (in years)	6 months	6 months	6 months
Employee Stock \| Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected term (in years)	2 years	2 years	2 years

Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments - Schedule of Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022
Cash equivalents:
Amortized Cost	$ 1,130,724	$ 692,188
Unrealized Gains	0	2
Unrealized Losses	(65)	(108)
Fair Value	1,130,659	692,082
Short-term investments:
Amortized Cost	848,360	730,014
Unrealized Gains	51	16
Unrealized Losses	(10,385)	(11,901)
Fair Value	838,026	718,129
Total cash equivalents and short-term investments, amortized cost	1,979,084	1,422,202
Total cash equivalents and short-term investments, unrealized gains	51	18
Total cash equivalents and short-term investments, unrealized losses	(10,450)	(12,009)
Total cash equivalents and short-term investments	1,968,685	1,410,211
U.S. treasury securities
Short-term investments:
Amortized Cost	175,451	96,089
Unrealized Gains	0	10
Unrealized Losses	(1,875)	(251)
Fair Value	173,576	95,848
U.S. government agency securities
Short-term investments:
Amortized Cost	266,392	339,957
Unrealized Gains	2	6
Unrealized Losses	(4,299)	(6,628)
Fair Value	262,095	333,335
Corporate debt securities
Short-term investments:
Amortized Cost	406,517	293,968
Unrealized Gains	49	0
Unrealized Losses	(4,211)	(5,022)
Fair Value	402,355	288,946
Money market funds
Cash equivalents:
Amortized Cost	768,003	247,613
Unrealized Gains	0	0
Unrealized Losses	0	0
Fair Value	768,003	247,613
U.S. treasury securities
Cash equivalents:
Amortized Cost	157,250	202,778
Unrealized Gains	0	0
Unrealized Losses	(30)	(70)
Fair Value	157,220	202,708
U.S. government agency securities
Cash equivalents:
Amortized Cost	166,671	135,525
Unrealized Gains	0	2
Unrealized Losses	(35)	(38)
Fair Value	166,636	135,489
Corporate debt securities
Cash equivalents:
Amortized Cost	38,800	106,272
Unrealized Gains	0	0
Unrealized Losses	0	0
Fair Value	$ 38,800	$ 106,272

Segment and Geographic Information - Schedule of Long-lived Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total	$ 313,026	$ 232,990
United States
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total	213,611	155,625
Rest of the world
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total	$ 99,415	$ 77,365

Income Taxes - Schedule of Valuation Allowance (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]
Balance as of the beginning of the period	$ 553,916	$ 345,756	$ 130,236
Change during the period	117,465	208,160	215,520
Balance as of the end of the period	$ 671,381	$ 553,916	$ 345,756

Property and Equipment and Purchased Intangible Assets - Schedule of Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment, gross	$ 418,779	$ 279,750
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(176,424)	(119,117)
Total property and equipment, net	242,355	160,633
Hosting equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment, gross	$ 280,851	191,037
Capitalized internal-use software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life	3 years
Total property and equipment, gross	$ 120,877	72,267
Computers and equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment, gross	$ 7,107	6,774
Purchased software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life	3 years
Total property and equipment, gross	$ 1,311	1,311
Furniture and fixtures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life	5 years
Total property and equipment, gross	$ 1,025	1,022
Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment, gross	$ 7,608	$ 7,339
Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life	3 years
Minimum \| Hosting equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life	3 years
Minimum \| Computers and equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life	3 years
Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life	5 years
Maximum \| Hosting equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life	4 years
Maximum \| Computers and equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life	5 years

Derivative Instruments - Cash Flow Hedges on our Consolidated Statement of Operations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Total	$ 11,579	$ 7,013	$ (399)
Cost of revenue
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Total	1,835	617
Sales and marketing
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Total	7,670	520
Research and development
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Total	1,506	284
General and administrative
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Total	$ 568	$ 5,592

Restructuring and Other Charges - Schedule of Restructuring Activities (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 0
Charges, excluding stock-based compensation expense	6,565
Payments	(5,520)
Ending balance	$ 1,045

Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Schedule of Stock Options

The activity of stock options for fiscal 2023 consisted of the following:


		Outstanding Stock Options	Weighted-Average Exercise Price	Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value

	(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Balance as of July 31, 2022		1,673	$11.81	2.5	$	240,286
Granted		50	$152.99
Exercised		(451)	$8.65		$	56,459
Canceled, forfeited or expired		(5)	$7.80
Balance as of July 31, 2023		1,267	$18.54	2.1	$	179,678
Exercisable and expected to vest as of July 31, 2022		1,501	$10.78	2.4	$	216,539
Exercisable and expected to vest as of July 31, 2023		1,210	$12.82	1.8	$	178,616

Schedule of Valuation Assumptions

We estimated the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:


									Year Ended July 31(1)
									2023
Expected term (in years)									6.1
Expected stock price volatility									58.2%
Risk-free interest rate									3.9%
Dividend yield									0.0%

(1) There were no stock options granted during fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021.

Schedule of Restricted Stock Units and Performance Stock Awards Activity

The activity of RSUs and PSAs consisted of the following for fiscal 2023:


	Underlying Shares	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value	Aggregate Intrinsic Value

	(in thousands, except per share data)
Balance as of July 31, 2022	7,388	$157.17	$	1,145,526
Granted	6,531	$124.57
Vested	(3,179)	$139.43	$	462,289
Canceled or forfeited	(1,389)	$160.38
Balance as of July 31, 2023	9,351	$139.95	$	1,499,714

Schedule of ESPP Valuation Assumptions

The fair value of the purchase right for the ESPP was estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:


	Year Ended July 31,
	2023	2022	2021
Expected term (in years)	0.5 - 2.0	0.5 - 2.0	0.5 - 2.0
Expected stock price volatility	58.1% - 75.9%	44.1% - 79.4%	46.2% - 67.4%
Risk-free interest rate	4.2% - 5.3%	0.1% - 3.2%	0.1% - 0.2%
Dividend yield	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%

Schedule of Allocation of Stock-based Compensation Expense

The components of stock-based compensation expense recognized in the consolidated statements of operations consisted of the following:


	Year Ended July 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(in thousands)
Cost of revenue	$	39,168	$	23,847	$	14,036
Sales and marketing	215,597		191,091		133,115
Research and development	117,915		118,299		67,803
General and administrative	71,118		76,325		43,581
Restructuring and other charges	1,036		—		—
Total	$	444,834	$	409,562	$	258,535

Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]
Accrued interest receivable	$ 7.2	$ 1.3
Investment carrying value	$ 7.8	$ 5.1

Restructuring and Other Charges

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Restructuring and Other Charges

On March 1, 2023, we announced a restructuring plan as a part of our planned efforts to streamline operations and to align people, roles, and projects to our strategic priorities. These actions included the reduction of our worldwide headcount by approximately 3%.

During fiscal 2023, we incurred $7.6 million of restructuring charges, consisting of $6.6 million of employee severance and benefit charges and $1.0 million of stock-based compensation expense related to modified equity incentive awards. These charges were recorded within restructuring and other charges in the consolidated statements of operations. As of July 31, 2023, the restructuring was substantially completed subject to liability accrued but not paid totaling $1.0 million, which is included within accrued compensation in the consolidated balance sheets.

The following table presents the activity of the restructuring liability for fiscal 2023:


	Restructuring Liability

	(in thousands)
Balance as of July 31, 2022	$	—
Charges, excluding stock-based compensation expense	6,565
Payments	(5,520)
Balance as of July 31, 2023	$	1,045

Business Combinations (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]

Schedule of Net Assets Acquired

The allocation of the purchase price consideration consisted of the following:


	Amount		Estimated Useful Life

	(in thousands)
Assets acquired:
Cash, cash equivalents and other assets	$	673
Acquired intangible assets:
Developed technology	5,100		5 years
Deferred tax asset	781
Goodwill	10,645
Total	$	17,199
Liabilities assumed:
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities	$	692
Total	$	692

Total purchase price consideration	$	16,507

The allocation of the purchase price consideration consisted of the following:


	Amount		Estimated Useful Life

	(in thousands)
Assets acquired:
Cash and other assets	$	535
Acquired intangible assets:
Developed technology	7,100		5 years
Goodwill	18,724
Total	$	26,359
Less liabilities assumed:
Deferred tax liability	$	682
Other liabilities	99
Total	$	781

Total purchase price consideration	$	25,578

The allocation of the purchase price consideration consisted of the following:


	Amount		Estimated Useful Life

	(in thousands)
Assets acquired:
Cash and other assets	$	1,347
Acquired intangible assets:
Developed technology	5,600		5 years
Customer relationships	2,100		5 years
Goodwill	5,686
Total	$	14,733
Less liabilities assumed:
Deferred tax liability	$	1,558
Other liabilities	1,516
Total	$	3,074

Total purchase price consideration	$	11,659

The allocation of the purchase price consideration consisted of the following:


	Amount		Estimated Useful Life

	(in thousands)
Assets acquired:
Cash and other assets	$	1,611
Acquired intangible assets:
Developed technology	7,200		5 years
Goodwill	23,232
Total	$	32,043
Less Liabilities assumed:
Deferred tax liability	$	624
Other liabilities	277
Total	$	901

Total purchase price consideration	$	31,142

Income Taxes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Tax benefits on total stock-based compensation expense	$ 13,400	$ 1,400	$ 1,200
Income tax expense (benefit)	(19,771)	(6,648)	(4,851)
Research and development costs resulted in deferred tax asset	92,901	0
Reversal of prior deferred tax liability	118,620	129,085
Change during the period	117,465	208,160	215,520
Unrecognized tax benefits	40,689	29,699	18,501
Unrecognized tax benefits that impact effective tax rate	1,700
Federal Jurisdiction
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Operating loss carryforward	1,619,000
Federal Jurisdiction \| Research Tax Credit Carryforward
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Tax credit carryforward	81,000
State Jurisdiction
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Operating loss carryforward	621,600
Operating loss carryforward, subject to expiration	481,500
Operating loss carryforward, not subject to expiration	140,100
State Jurisdiction \| Research Tax Credit Carryforward
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Tax credit carryforward	53,200
Foreign Tax Authority
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Operating loss carryforward	71,600
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Reversal of prior deferred tax liability		39,500
Business Combination Deferred Taxes
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Income tax expense (benefit)	$ 0	$ 1,000	$ 0

Convertible Senior Notes - Narrative (Details)			3 Months Ended
Convertible Senior Notes - Narrative (Details)	Jul. 05, 2023 USD ($) trading_day	Jun. 25, 2020 USD ($) $ / shares	Jan. 31, 2021 trading_day	Jul. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Aug. 01, 2022 USD ($)	Jul. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Jul. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Jul. 31, 2020 USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Proceeds from debt issuance		$ 1,130,500,000
Threshold trading days \| trading_day	20		20
Threshold consecutive trading days \| trading_day	30		30
Threshold percentage of share price that triggers conversion	130.00%		130.00%
Number of trading days \| trading_day			5
Number of consecutive trading days \| trading_day			5
Percentage of closing price (less than)			98.00%
Redemption price, percentage of principal	100.00%	100.00%
Minimum principal amount outstanding not subject to partial redemption	$ 100,000,000
Effective interest rate		5.75%
Carrying amount of equity component		$ 278,500,000
Unamortized debt issuance costs		19,500,000		$ 7,528,000		$ 9,152,000
Equity issuance costs		4,700,000
Net carrying amount of equity component		273,400,000
Deferred tax impact		$ 400,000
Principal amount				1,149,993,000		1,149,995,000
Cumulative effect adjustment				(725,112,000)		(573,300,000)	$ (528,895,000)	$ (484,829,000)
Fair value of notes				1,411,400,000		1,418,500,000
Initial strike price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares		$ 150.80
Initial cap price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares		$ 246.76
Net cost of capped call		$ 145,200,000
Additional Paid-In Capital
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Cumulative effect adjustment				(1,816,915,000)		(1,590,885,000)	(1,131,006,000)	(823,804,000)
Accumulated Deficit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Cumulative effect adjustment				$ 1,090,374,000		991,878,000	$ 601,600,000	$ 339,571,000
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount					$ 169,900,000
Cumulative effect adjustment						169,899,000
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment \| Additional Paid-In Capital
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Cumulative effect adjustment					273,700,000	273,738,000
Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment \| Accumulated Deficit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Cumulative effect adjustment					$ (103,800,000)	$ (103,839,000)
Long-term Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Unamortized debt issuance costs		14,800,000
Convertible Senior Notes Due 2025
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount		$ 1,150,000,000
Interest rate		0.125%
Effective interest rate		6.03%
Convertible Senior Notes, $150 million
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount		$ 150,000,000.0

Fair Value Measurements (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	$ 1,130,659	$ 692,082
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments	838,026	718,129
Total cash equivalents and short-term investments	1,968,685	1,410,211
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	1,130,659	692,082
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments	838,026	718,129
Total cash equivalents and short-term investments	1,968,685	1,410,211
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Foreign Currency Contracts \| Designated as Hedging Instrument
Designated derivative instruments:
Derivative assets-current	12,581	178
Derivative assets-noncurrent	2,264	17
Derivative liabilities-current	1,452	10,921
Derivative liabilities-noncurrent	669	588
Non-designated derivative instruments:
Derivative assets-current	12,581	178
Derivative liabilities-current	1,452	10,921
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Foreign Currency Contracts \| Not Designated as Hedging Instrument
Designated derivative instruments:
Derivative assets-current	2,061	452
Derivative liabilities-current	465	3,427
Non-designated derivative instruments:
Derivative assets-current	2,061	452
Derivative liabilities-current	465	3,427
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Interest Rate Contracts \| Designated as Hedging Instrument
Designated derivative instruments:
Derivative liabilities-current	6,439
Derivative liabilities-noncurrent	1,588
Non-designated derivative instruments:
Derivative liabilities-current	6,439
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level I
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	768,003	247,613
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments	0	0
Total cash equivalents and short-term investments	768,003	247,613
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level I \| Foreign Currency Contracts \| Designated as Hedging Instrument
Designated derivative instruments:
Derivative assets-current	0	0
Derivative assets-noncurrent	0	0
Derivative liabilities-current	0	0
Derivative liabilities-noncurrent	0	0
Non-designated derivative instruments:
Derivative assets-current	0	0
Derivative liabilities-current	0	0
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level I \| Foreign Currency Contracts \| Not Designated as Hedging Instrument
Designated derivative instruments:
Derivative assets-current	0	0
Derivative liabilities-current	0	0
Non-designated derivative instruments:
Derivative assets-current	0	0
Derivative liabilities-current	0	0
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level I \| Interest Rate Contracts \| Designated as Hedging Instrument
Designated derivative instruments:
Derivative liabilities-current	0
Derivative liabilities-noncurrent	0
Non-designated derivative instruments:
Derivative liabilities-current	0
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level II
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	362,656	444,469
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments	838,026	718,129
Total cash equivalents and short-term investments	1,200,682	1,162,598
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level II \| Foreign Currency Contracts \| Designated as Hedging Instrument
Designated derivative instruments:
Derivative assets-current	12,581	178
Derivative assets-noncurrent	2,264	17
Derivative liabilities-current	1,452	10,921
Derivative liabilities-noncurrent	669	588
Non-designated derivative instruments:
Derivative assets-current	12,581	178
Derivative liabilities-current	1,452	10,921
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level II \| Foreign Currency Contracts \| Not Designated as Hedging Instrument
Designated derivative instruments:
Derivative assets-current	2,061	452
Derivative liabilities-current	465	3,427
Non-designated derivative instruments:
Derivative assets-current	2,061	452
Derivative liabilities-current	465	3,427
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level II \| Interest Rate Contracts \| Designated as Hedging Instrument
Designated derivative instruments:
Derivative liabilities-current	6,439
Derivative liabilities-noncurrent	1,588
Non-designated derivative instruments:
Derivative liabilities-current	6,439
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level III
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	0	0
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments	0	0
Total cash equivalents and short-term investments	0	0
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level III \| Foreign Currency Contracts \| Designated as Hedging Instrument
Designated derivative instruments:
Derivative assets-current	0	0
Derivative assets-noncurrent	0	0
Derivative liabilities-current	0	0
Derivative liabilities-noncurrent	0	0
Non-designated derivative instruments:
Derivative assets-current	0	0
Derivative liabilities-current	0	0
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level III \| Foreign Currency Contracts \| Not Designated as Hedging Instrument
Designated derivative instruments:
Derivative assets-current	0	0
Derivative liabilities-current	0	0
Non-designated derivative instruments:
Derivative assets-current	0	0
Derivative liabilities-current	0	0
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level III \| Interest Rate Contracts \| Designated as Hedging Instrument
Designated derivative instruments:
Derivative liabilities-current	0
Derivative liabilities-noncurrent	0
Non-designated derivative instruments:
Derivative liabilities-current	0
U.S. treasury securities
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments	173,576	95,848
U.S. treasury securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments	173,576	95,848
U.S. treasury securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level I
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments	0	0
U.S. treasury securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level II
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments	173,576	95,848
U.S. treasury securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level III
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments	0	0
U.S. government agency securities
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments	262,095	333,335
U.S. government agency securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments	262,095	333,335
U.S. government agency securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level I
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments	0	0
U.S. government agency securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level II
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments	262,095	333,335
U.S. government agency securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level III
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments	0	0
Corporate debt securities
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments	402,355	288,946
Corporate debt securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments	402,355	288,946
Corporate debt securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level I
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments	0	0
Corporate debt securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level II
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments	402,355	288,946
Corporate debt securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level III
Short-term investments:
Short-term investments	0	0
Money market funds
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	768,003	247,613
Money market funds \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	768,003	247,613
Money market funds \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level I
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	768,003	247,613
Money market funds \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level II
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	0	0
Money market funds \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level III
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	0	0
U.S. treasury securities
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	157,220	202,708
U.S. treasury securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	157,220	202,708
U.S. treasury securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level I
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	0	0
U.S. treasury securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level II
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	157,220	202,708
U.S. treasury securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level III
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	0	0
U.S. government agency securities
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	166,636	135,489
U.S. government agency securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	166,636	135,489
U.S. government agency securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level I
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	0	0
U.S. government agency securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level II
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	166,636	135,489
U.S. government agency securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level III
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	0	0
Corporate debt securities
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	38,800	106,272
Corporate debt securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	38,800	106,272
Corporate debt securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level I
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	0	0
Corporate debt securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level II
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	38,800	106,272
Corporate debt securities \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring \| Level III
Cash equivalents:
Fair Value	$ 0	$ 0

Convertible Senior Notes - Schedule of Notes (Details) shares in Thousands			12 Months Ended
	Aug. 01, 2022 shares	Jun. 25, 2020 shares $ / shares	Jul. 31, 2023 shares $ / shares
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Conversion ratio per $1,000 principal		0.0066
Initial conversion price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares		$ 150.80	$ 150.80
Initial number of shares (in shares) \| shares	7,630	7,626	7,600

Revenue Recognition - Disaggregation of Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 1,616,952	$ 1,090,946	$ 673,100
Geographic Concentration Risk \| Revenue Benchmark
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 1,616,952	$ 1,090,946	$ 673,100
Revenue percentage	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Geographic Concentration Risk \| Revenue Benchmark \| United States
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 808,527	$ 536,924	$ 329,299
Revenue percentage	50.00%	49.00%	49.00%
Geographic Concentration Risk \| Revenue Benchmark \| Europe, Middle East and Africa
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 515,136	$ 370,035	$ 253,138
Revenue percentage	32.00%	34.00%	38.00%
Geographic Concentration Risk \| Revenue Benchmark \| Asia Pacific
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 241,250	$ 155,460	$ 76,105
Revenue percentage	15.00%	14.00%	11.00%
Geographic Concentration Risk \| Revenue Benchmark \| Other
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 52,039	$ 28,527	$ 14,558
Revenue percentage	3.00%	3.00%	2.00%
Geographic Concentration Risk \| Revenue Benchmark \| United Kingdom
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue percentage	10.00%	10.00%	10.00%
Customer Concentration Risk \| Revenue Benchmark
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 1,616,952	$ 1,090,946	$ 673,100
Revenue percentage	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Customer Concentration Risk \| Revenue Benchmark \| Channel partners
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 1,488,379	$ 1,016,747	$ 632,416
Revenue percentage	92.00%	93.00%	94.00%
Customer Concentration Risk \| Revenue Benchmark \| Direct customers
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 128,573	$ 74,199	$ 40,684
Revenue percentage	8.00%	7.00%	6.00%

Operating Leases

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Leases [Abstract]

Operating Leases

The following is a summary of our operating lease costs:


	Year Ended July 31,
	2023								2022								2021
	Real Estate Arrangements			Co-Location Arrangements			Total		Real Estate Arrangements			Co-Location Arrangements			Total		Real Estate Arrangements			Co-Location Arrangements			Total
	(in thousands)
Operating lease, including imputed interest	$	7,858		$	24,677		$	32,535	$	6,347		$	19,356		$	25,703	$	6,442		$	14,504		$	20,946
Short-term lease cost	4,314			5,688			10,002		2,826			1,889			4,715		1,527			694			2,221
Variable lease cost	6,992			4,956			11,948		3,163			4,480			7,643		3,192			3,244			6,436
Sublease income	—			—			—		—			—			—		(199)			—			(199)
Total operating lease costs	$	19,164		$	35,321		$	54,485	$	12,336		$	25,725		$	38,061	$	10,962		$	18,442		$	29,404
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years)	3.0			2.0					3.7			2.7					4.7			1.9
Weighted-average discount rate	4.5		%	3.2		%			4.1		%	2.2		%			4.4		%	2.3		%

The following table presents information about our leases in the consolidated balance sheets:


	July 31,
	2023						2022
	Real Estate Arrangements		Co-Location Arrangements		Total		Real Estate Arrangements		Co-Location Arrangements		Total
	(in thousands)
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$	18,493	$	52,178	$	70,671	$	18,530	$	53,827	$	72,357
Operating lease liabilities, current	$	6,777	$	27,692	$	34,469	$	6,073	$	20,027	$	26,100
Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent	$	14,875	$	27,042	$	41,917	$	16,571	$	34,377	$	50,948

Cash paid, net of tenant incentives for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities was $32.2 million, $27.7 million and $22.1 million for fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively.

Maturities of operating lease liabilities consisted of the following as of July 31, 2023:



	Real Estate Arrangements		Co-Location Arrangements		Total
Year ending July 31,	(in thousands)
2024	$	7,604	$	28,952	$	36,556
2025	7,530		23,915		31,445
2026	6,928		3,645		10,573
2027	1,120		—		1,120

Total future minimum lease payments	23,182		56,512		79,694
Less: Imputed interest	1,530		1,778		3,308
Total	$	21,652	$	54,734	$	76,386

As of July 31, 2023, we have entered into non-cancelable operating leases with a term greater than 12 months that have not yet commenced with undiscounted future minimum payments of $16.7 million, which are excluded from the above table. These operating leases will commence between August 2023 and November 2026 with lease terms ranging from 1.9 years to 3.0 years.

Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Maturities of Non-Cancelable Purchase Obligations

The maturities of non-cancelable purchase obligations with a term of 12 months or longer consisted of the following as of July 31, 2023:



	Amount
Year ending July 31,	(in thousands)
2024	$	21,956
2025	32,198
2026	24,675
2027	15,745

Total	$	94,574

Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Fiscal Year	Fiscal Year Our fiscal year ends on July 31. References to fiscal 2023, for example, refer to our fiscal year ended July 31, 2023.
Principles of Consolidation	Principles of Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries and have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("GAAP"). All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Such estimates include, but are not limited to, the determination of revenue recognition, deferred revenue, deferred contract acquisition costs, capitalized internal-use software, valuation of acquired intangible assets, period of benefit generated from our deferred contract acquisition costs, allowance for doubtful accounts, valuation of common stock options and stock-based awards, useful lives of property and equipment, useful lives of acquired intangible assets, recoverability of goodwill, valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, loss contingencies related to litigation, fair value of convertible senior notes and the discount rate used for operating leases. Management determines these estimates and assumptions based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable. Actual results could differ significantly from these estimates, and such differences may be material to the consolidated financial statements. Due to uncertainty in the macroeconomic environment, including effects of COVID-19 and inflation, there is ongoing disruption in the global economy and financial markets. We are not aware of any specific event or circumstances that would require an update to our estimates, judgments or assumptions or a revision to the carrying value of our assets or liabilities as of the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements. These estimates, judgments and assumptions may change in the future, as new events occur or additional information is obtained.
Foreign Currency	Foreign Currency The functional currency of our foreign subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, monetary assets and liabilities of our foreign subsidiaries are re-measured into U.S. dollars at the exchange rates in effect at the reporting date, non-monetary assets and liabilities are re-measured at historical rates, revenue and expenses are re-measured at average exchange rates in effect during each reporting period. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are recorded in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations. Foreign currency remeasurement gains and losses and foreign currency transaction gains and losses are not significant to the consolidated financial statements.
Concentration of Risks	Concentration of Risks We generate revenue primarily from sale of subscriptions to access our cloud platform, together with related support services. Our sales team, along with our channel partner network of global telecommunications service providers, system integrators and value-added resellers (collectively "channel partners"), sells our services worldwide to organizations of all sizes. Due to the nature of our services and the terms and conditions of our contracts with our channel partners, our business could be affected unfavorably if we are not able to continue our relationships with them. Our financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments and accounts receivable. Although we deposit our cash with multiple financial institutions, the deposits, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. Cash equivalents and short-term investments consist of highly liquid investments in money market funds, U.S. treasury, U.S. agency securities and corporate debt securities, which are invested through financial institutions in the United States. We grant credit to our customers in the normal course of business. We monitor the financial condition of our customers to reduce credit risk. Refer to Note 2, Revenue Recognition, for information regarding customers with concentration of 10% or more of the total balance of accounts receivable, net.
Segment Information	Segment Information We operate as one reportable and operating segment. Our chief operating decision maker is our chief executive officer, who reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions, assessing financial performance and allocating resources.
Revenue Recognition	Revenue Recognition In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 606, Revenue From Contracts With Customers ("ASC 606"), revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised services. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration that we expect to be entitled to receive in exchange for these services. To achieve the core principle of this standard, we apply the following five steps: 1) Identify the contract with a customer We consider the terms and conditions of the contracts and our customary business practices in identifying our contracts under ASC 606. We determine we have a contract with a customer when the contract is approved, we can identify each party’s rights regarding the services to be transferred, we can identify the payment terms for the services, we have determined the customer has the ability and intent to pay and the contract has commercial substance. We apply judgment in determining the customer’s ability and intent to pay, which is based on a variety of factors, including the customer’s historical payment experience or, in the case of a new customer, credit and financial information pertaining to the customer. 2) Identify the performance obligations in the contract Performance obligations promised in a contract are identified based on the services that will be transferred to the customer that are both capable of being distinct, whereby the customer can benefit from the service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available from third parties or from us, and are distinct in the context of the contract, whereby the transfer of the services is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. Our performance obligations consist of (i) our subscription and support services and (ii) professional and other services. 3) Determine the transaction price The transaction price is determined based on the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for transferring services to the customer. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price if, in our judgment, it is probable that a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue under the contract will not occur. None of our contracts contain a significant financing component. 4) Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation. Contracts that contain multiple performance obligations require an allocation of the transaction price to each performance obligation based on a relative standalone selling price ("SSP"). 5) Recognize revenue when or as we satisfy a performance obligation Revenue is recognized at the time the related performance obligation is satisfied by transferring the promised service to a customer. Revenue is recognized when control of the services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration that we expect to receive in exchange for those services. We generate all our revenue from contracts with customers and apply judgment in identifying and evaluating any terms and conditions in contracts which may impact revenue recognition. Subscription and Support Revenue We generate revenue primarily from sales of subscriptions to access our cloud platform, together with related support services to our customers. Arrangements with customers do not provide the customer with the right to take possession of our software operating our cloud platform at any time. Instead, customers are granted continuous access to our cloud platform over the contractual period. A time-elapsed output method is used to measure progress because we transfer control evenly over the contractual period. Accordingly, the fixed consideration related to subscription and support revenue is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract term beginning on the date that our service is made available to the customer. The typical subscription and support term is one to three years. Most of our contracts are non-cancelable over the contractual term. Customers typically have the right to terminate their contracts for cause if we fail to perform in accordance with the contractual terms. Some of our customers have the option to purchase additional subscription and support services at a stated price. These options generally do not provide a material right as they are priced at our SSP. Professional and Other Services Revenue Professional and other services revenue consists of fees associated with providing deployment advisory services that educate and assist our customers on the best use of our solutions, as well as advise customers on best practices as they deploy our solution. These services are distinct from subscription and support services. Professional services do not result in significant customization of the subscription service. Revenue from professional services provided on a time and materials basis is recognized as the services are performed. Total professional and other services revenue has historically not been material. Contracts with Multiple Performance Obligations Most of our contracts with customers contain multiple promised services consisting of: (i) our subscription and support services and (ii) professional and other services that are distinct and accounted for separately. The transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations on a relative SSP basis. We determine SSP based on our overall pricing objectives, taking into consideration the type of subscription and support services and professional and other services, the geographical region of the customer and the number of users. Variable Consideration Revenue from sales is recorded at the net sales price, which is the transaction price, and includes estimates of variable consideration. The amount of variable consideration that is included in the transaction price is constrained and is included in the net sales price only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of the cumulative revenue will not occur when the uncertainty is resolved. If our services do not meet certain service level commitments, our customers are entitled to receive service credits, and in certain cases, refunds, each representing a form of variable consideration. We have historically not experienced any significant incidents affecting the defined levels of reliability and performance as required by our subscription contracts. Accordingly, estimated refunds related to these agreements were not material to the periods presented. We provide rebates and other credits within our contracts with certain customers, which are estimated based on the value expected to be earned or claimed on the related sales transaction. Overall, the transaction price is reduced to reflect our estimate of the amount of consideration to which we are entitled based on the terms of the contract. Estimated rebates and other credits were not material during the periods presented.
Accounts Receivable and Allowance	Accounts Receivable and Allowance Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and are non-interest bearing. Accounts receivable are stated at their net realizable value, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. We have a well-established collections history from our customers. Credit is extended to customers based on an evaluation of their financial condition and other factors. In determining the necessary allowance for doubtful accounts, we estimate the lifetime expected credit losses against the existing accounts receivable balance. Our estimate is based on certain factors including historical loss rates, current economic conditions, reasonable and supportable forecasts and customer-specific circumstances. The allowance for doubtful accounts has historically not been material. There were no material write-offs recognized in the periods presented. Accordingly, the movements in the allowance for doubtful accounts were not material for any of the periods presented. We do not have any off-balance-sheet credit exposure related to our customers.
Cash Equivalents	We classify all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of 90 days or less from the date of purchase as cash equivalents and all highly liquid investments with original maturities beyond 90 days at the time of purchase as short-term investments. Our cash equivalents and short-term investments consist of highly liquid investments in money market funds, U.S. treasury securities, U.S. government agency securities and corporate debt securities.
Short-Term Investments	We classify our investments as available-for-sale investments and present them within current assets since these investments represent funds available for current operations and we have the ability and intent, if necessary, to liquidate any of these investments in order to meet our liquidity needs or to grow our business, including for potential business acquisitions or other strategic transactions. Our investments are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses unrelated to credit loss factors reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI"). Our investments are reviewed periodically when there is a decline in a security’s fair value below the amortized cost basis. We consider our intent to sell and whether it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the securities before the recovery of its cost basis. If either of these criteria are triggered, the amortized cost basis of the debt security is written down to fair value through other income (expense), net. If neither criteria is met, we evaluate whether the decline in fair value below the amortized cost basis is related to credit-related factors or other factors such as interest rate fluctuations. The factors considered in this analysis include the extent the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis, whether there were changes to the rating of the security by a ratings agency, whether the issuer has failed to make scheduled interest payments and other adverse conditions as applicable. Credit-related impairment losses, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis, are recorded through an allowance for credit losses in other income (expense), net. For purposes of identifying and measuring credit-related impairments, our policy is to exclude the applicable accrued interest from both the fair value and amortized cost basis of the related debt security. Accrued interest receivable, net of the allowance for credit losses, if any, is recorded to prepaid expenses and other current assets. There were no credit-related impairments recognized on our investments during the periods presented. Interest income, amortization (accretion) of investments purchased at a premium (discount) and realized gains and losses are included in interest income in the consolidated statements of operations. We use the specific identification method to determine the cost in calculating realized gains and losses upon the sale of these investments.
Strategic Investments	Strategic Investments Our strategic investments consist of non-marketable equity investments of privately held companies. Investments in non-marketable equity investments of privately held companies without readily determinable fair values are measured using the measurement alternative, as we have less than 20% ownership and do not have the ability to exercise significant influence over their operations. The carrying amount of non-marketable equity investments is adjusted based on observable price changes from orderly transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer and by impairments when events or circumstances indicate a decline in value has occurred. Non-marketable equity investments that have been remeasured during the period due to an observable event or impairment are classified within Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy because we estimate the value based on valuation methods which may include a combination of the observable transaction price at the transaction date and other unobservable inputs including volatility, rights, and obligations of the investments we hold. Our strategic investments are included within other noncurrent assets in the consolidated balance sheets and adjustments to their carrying amounts are recorded in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations. There were no material events or circumstances impacting the carrying amount of our strategic investments during the periods presented.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments	Fair Value of Financial Instruments Our financial instruments consist of cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, derivative instruments and convertible senior notes. Cash equivalents and short-term investments are recorded at fair value. Accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities are stated at their carrying value, which approximates fair value due to the short-time to the expected receipt or payment date. Assets recorded at fair value on a recurring basis in the consolidated balance sheets, consisting of cash equivalents and short-term investments, are categorized in accordance with the fair value hierarchy based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair values. Through July 31, 2022, we carried the convertible senior notes at the initially allocated liability value less unamortized debt discount and issuance costs on our consolidated balance sheet. Effective August 1, 2022, upon adoption of ASU 2020-06, we carry the convertible senior notes at face value less debt issuance costs on our consolidated balance sheet. For further information, refer to Convertible Senior Notes section in this Note 1, Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. The fair value of the convertible senior notes is presented at each reporting period for disclosure purposes only.
Property and Equipment	Property and EquipmentProperty and equipment, net are stated at historical cost net of accumulated depreciation. Property and equipment, excluding leasehold improvements, are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, generally ranging from three to five years. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful lives of the respective assets or the lease term. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred and significant improvements and betterments that substantially enhance the life of an asset are capitalized.
Capitalized Internal-Use Software	Capitalized Internal-Use SoftwareWe capitalize certain costs incurred during the application development stage in connection with software development for our cloud security platform. Costs related to preliminary project activities and post-implementation activities are expensed as incurred. Capitalized costs are recorded as part of property and equipment in the consolidated balance sheets. Maintenance and training costs are expensed as incurred. Capitalized internal-use software is amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life, which is generally three years, and is recorded as cost of revenue in the consolidated statements of operations.
Business Combinations	Business Combinations We account for our business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting, which requires, among other things, allocation of the fair value of purchase consideration to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values on the acquisition date. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. When determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, we make estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets. Our estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. During the measurement period, not to exceed one year from the date of acquisition, we may record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with a corresponding offset to goodwill if new information is obtained related to facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date. After the measurement period, any subsequent adjustments are reflected in the consolidated statements of operations. Acquisition costs, such as legal and consulting fees, are expensed as incurred.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets	Goodwill represents the excess of the fair value of purchase consideration in a business combination over the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill amounts are not amortized, but rather tested for impairment at least annually or more often if circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. There was no impairment of goodwill during any of the periods presented. Acquired intangible assets consist of identifiable intangible assets, including developed technology and customer relationships, resulting from business combinations. Acquired finite-lived intangible assets are initially recorded at fair value and are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Amortization expense of developed technology and customer relationships is recorded primarily within cost of revenues and sales and marketing expenses, respectively, in the consolidated statements of operations.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets	Long-lived assets, such as property and equipment and acquired intangible assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. We measure the recoverability of these assets by comparing the carrying amounts to the future undiscounted cash flows that these assets are expected to generate. If the total of the future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying amount of an asset, we record an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value.
Restructuring and Other Charges	Restructuring and Other Charges Restructuring and other charges occur when we commit to a restructuring plan, the restructuring plan identifies all significant actions, the period of time to complete the restructuring plan indicates that significant changes to the restructuring plan are not likely and employees who are impacted have been notified of the pending involuntary termination. A restructuring plan generally includes significant actions involving employee-related severance charges, employee-related benefits, stock-based compensation expense related to the modification of equity incentive awards and other charges associated with the restructuring (the "restructuring charges"). Restructuring charges are accrued in the period in which it is probable that the employees are entitled to the restructuring benefits and the amounts can be reasonably estimated. Restructuring charges are recorded within restructuring and other charges in the consolidated statement of operations. The restructuring liability accrued but not paid at the end of the reporting period is included within accrued compensation in the consolidated balance sheets.
Derivative Instruments	Derivative Instruments We enter into foreign currency forward contracts, a portion of which we designate as cash flow hedges, in order to manage the volatility of cash flows that relate to our cost of revenues and operating expenses denominated in foreign currencies. We also use interest rate swaps to economically convert a certain tranche of our fixed interest rate convertible senior notes to floating interest rates, in order to match the floating rate nature of a portion of our cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments. These interest rate swaps are designated as fair value hedges, and changes in fair value of the interest rate swaps offset the changes in fair market value of the convertible senior notes due to benchmark interest rate movements. Gains or losses related to our fair value hedges are included within interest expense in the consolidated statement of operations in the period of change together with the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributed to the risk being hedged. We measure hedge effectiveness of the interest rate swaps using regression analysis at inception and periodically thereafter. Gains or losses related to our cash flow hedges are recorded as a component of AOCI in the consolidated statements of stockholders' equity until the forecasted transaction occurs in earnings. When the forecasted transaction occurs, the related gains and losses are reclassified into earnings within the financial statement line item associated with the underlying hedged transaction. If the underlying hedged transaction does not occur, or it becomes probable that the hedged transaction will not occur, the cumulative unrealized gain or loss is reclassified immediately from AOCI into earnings within the financial statement line item associated with the underlying hedged transaction. We measure hedge effectiveness using regression analysis at hedge inception and periodically thereafter. We include time value in our effectiveness assessment. We recognize changes in the fair value of non-designated derivative instruments within other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations in the same period that the fair value measurement occurs. All of our derivative instruments are measured at fair value. We have elected to present the derivative assets and derivative liabilities on a gross basis on the consolidated balance sheets. Derivative instruments are classified in the consolidated statements of cash flows as cash from operating activities, which reflect the classification of the underlying hedged transactions.
Operating Leases	Operating Leases We enter into operating lease arrangements for real estate assets related to office space and co-location assets related to space and racks at data center facilities. We determine if an arrangement contains a lease at its inception by assessing whether there is an identified asset and whether the arrangement conveys the right to control the use of the identified asset in exchange for consideration. Operating leases related balances are included in "operating lease right-of-use assets," "operating lease liabilities," and "operating lease liabilities, noncurrent" in the consolidated balance sheets. Right-of-use assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make payments arising from the lease. Operating lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Lease payments consist of the fixed payments under the arrangement. The operating lease liabilities are adjusted for any unpaid lease incentives, such as tenant improvement allowances. Variable costs, such as maintenance and utilities based on actual usage, are not included in the measurement of right-to-use assets and lease liabilities but are expensed when the event determining the amount of variable consideration to be paid occurs. As the implicit rate of our leases is not determinable, we use an incremental borrowing rate ("IBR") based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We generally use the base, non-cancelable lease term when recognizing the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities, unless it is reasonably certain that a renewal or termination option will be exercised. We account for lease components and non-lease components as a single lease component. Leases with a term of twelve months or less are not recognized on the consolidated balance sheets.
Stock-Based Compensation	Stock-Based Compensation Compensation expense related to stock-based awards granted to employees and non-employees is calculated based on the fair value of stock-based awards on the date of grant. We recognize stock-based compensation expense over an award’s requisite service period based on the award’s fair value. Stock-based compensation for common stock options is recognized based on the fair value of the awards granted, determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Stock-based compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, generally four years. Stock-based compensation for purchase rights granted under the employee stock purchase plan is based on the fair value of the number of awards estimated at the beginning of the offering period, as determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Stock-based compensation expense is recognized following the straight-line attribution method over the offering period. Stock-based compensation for restricted stock units is measured based on the market closing price of our common stock on the grant date. Stock-based compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, generally four years. Stock-based compensation for performance stock awards (“PSAs”), which have the same grant date and service inception date, is based on the probable number of shares to be attained and the market closing price of our common stock at the grant date. For PSAs where the service inception date of the awards precedes the grant date, stock-based compensation expense is recognized based on the number of PSAs for which it is probable that the performance condition will be met, using the accelerated attribution method and the market closing price of our common stock at each reporting date up to the grant date. The number of these PSAs for which it is probable that the performance condition will be met is determined using management’s best estimate at the end of each reporting period. At the completion of the performance period for these PSAs, any earned PSAs are granted upon approval of the compensation committee of our board of directors.
Convertible Senior Notes	Convertible Senior Notes We adopted Financial Accounting Standard Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standard Update ("ASU") No. 2020-06, Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40) ("ASU 2020-06") as of August 1, 2022, the beginning of fiscal 2023, using the modified retrospective method. Prior to the adoption of ASU 2020-06, in accounting for the issuance of the convertible senior notes, the convertible senior notes were separated into liability and equity components. The carrying amounts of the liability component was calculated by measuring the fair value of similar liabilities that do not have associated convertible features. The carrying amount of the equity component representing the conversion option was determined by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the par value of the convertible senior notes as a whole. This difference represents the debt discount that was amortized to interest expense over the respective terms of the convertible senior notes using the effective interest rate method. The equity component was recorded in additional paid-in capital and was not remeasured as long as it continued to meet the conditions for equity classification. In accounting for the related debt issuance costs, we allocated the total amount incurred to the liability and equity components of the convertible senior notes based on their relative values. Issuance costs attributable to the liability component were being amortized to interest expense over the contractual term of the convertible senior notes. The issuance costs attributable to the equity component were netted against the equity component representing the conversion option in additional paid-in capital. To the extent that we receive the convertible senior notes conversion requests prior to their maturity, a portion of the equity component is classified as temporary equity, which is measured as the difference between the principal and net carrying amount of the convertible senior notes requested for conversion. Upon settlement of the conversion requests, the difference between the fair value and the amortized book value of the liability component of the convertible senior notes requested for conversion is recorded as a gain or loss on early note conversion. The fair value of the convertible senior notes is measured based on a similar liability that does not have an associated convertible feature based on the remaining term of the convertible senior notes. Upon adoption of ASU 2020-06 and using the modified retrospective method, prior period amounts have not been adjusted. This standard resulted in our convertible senior notes being accounted for as a single unit of debt and we will no longer be required to record the conversion feature in equity. This further eliminated the need for amortization of the debt discount as interest expense and the portion of the issuance costs initially allocated to equity is now classified as debt and amortized as interest expense. As of August 1, 2022, the adoption of this new standard resulted in an increase of $169.9 million to the carrying amount of the convertible senior notes, a decrease of $273.7 million to additional paid-in capital and a cumulative-effect adjustment of $103.8 million to accumulated deficit. Prior to the adoption of this standard, we used the treasury stock method to calculate the potentially diluted effect of the convertible senior notes; however, upon adoption of this standard we are required to use the if-converted method. Accordingly, to account for the potentially diluted shares related to the convertible senior notes under a net income position, we are required to add back the related interest expense to the net income and include approximately 7.63 million shares related to the convertible senior notes. Since we have reported net losses for all periods presented, the convertible senior notes were determined to be anti-dilutive and therefore had no impact to the diluted net loss per share for all periods presented.
Research and Development	Research and Development Our research and development expenses support our efforts to add new products, new features to our existing offerings and to ensure the reliability, availability and scalability of our solutions. Our cloud platform is software-driven, and our research and development teams employ software engineers in the design and the related development, testing, certification and support of our solutions. Accordingly, the majority of our research and development expenses result from employee-related costs, including salaries, bonuses, benefits, stock-based compensation and costs associated with technology tools used by our engineers.
Advertising Expenses	Advertising ExpensesAdvertising expenses are charged to sales and marketing expenses in the consolidated statements of operations as incurred.
Warranties and Indemnification	Warranties and Indemnification Our cloud platform is generally warranted to be free of defects under normal use and to perform substantially in accordance with the subscription agreement. Additionally, our contracts generally include provisions for indemnifying customers and channel partners against liabilities if our services infringe or misappropriate a third party’s intellectual property rights. Costs and liabilities incurred as a result of warranties and indemnification obligations were not material during the periods presented.
Legal Contingencies	Legal Contingencies We may be subject to legal proceedings and litigation arising from time to time. We record a liability when we believe that it is both probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. We periodically evaluate developments in our legal matters that could affect the amount of liability that we accrue, if any, and adjust, as appropriate. Until the final resolution of any such matter for which we may be required to record a liability, there may be a loss exposure in excess of the liability recorded and such amount could be significant. We expense legal fees as incurred.
Income Taxes	Income Taxes We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Deferred income taxes are recognized by applying the enacted statutory tax rates applicable to future years to differences between the carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date. The measurement of deferred tax assets is reduced, if necessary, by a valuation allowance to amounts that are more likely than not to be realized. We recognize tax benefits from uncertain tax positions only if we believe that it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such positions are then measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon settlement.
Comprehensive Loss	Comprehensive Loss Comprehensive loss is comprised of the net loss and other comprehensive income (loss). Our other comprehensive income (loss) includes unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities and unrealized gains and losses and realized gains and losses reclassified into net loss on cash flow hedges, as reflected in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.
Net Loss Per Share	Net Loss Per Share Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, less shares subject to repurchase. Diluted earnings per share adjusts basic earnings per share for all potentially dilutive common stock equivalents outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive securities consist primarily of stock options, share purchase rights under the employee stock purchase plan, unvested restricted stock units ("RSUs"), unvested performance stock awards ("PSAs"), unvested common stock and shares related to convertible senior notes. Since we have reported net losses for all periods presented, we have excluded all potentially dilutive securities from the calculation of the diluted net loss per share, as their effect is antidilutive. Accordingly, basic and diluted net loss per share is the same for all periods presented.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements	Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This standard amends guidance on reporting credit losses for assets held at amortized cost basis and available-for-sale debt securities to require that credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities be presented as an allowance rather than as a write-down. The measurement of credit losses for newly recognized financial assets and subsequent changes in the allowance for credit losses are recorded in the statements of operations. We adopted this standard in the first quarter of fiscal 2021 and it did not have a material impact to the consolidated financial statements. In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805) on Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers. This standard requires contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers that are acquired in a business combination to be recognized and measured as if the acquirer had originated the original contract. Previously, acquired contract assets and liabilities were measured at fair value. This standard is effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2024, though early adoption is permitted. We early adopted this standard in the first quarter of fiscal 2022 and it did not have a material impact to the consolidated financial statements. In June 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06. This standard removes the separation model for convertible debt with a cash conversion feature and convertible instruments with a beneficial conversion feature. Such convertible debt will be accounted for as a single liability measured at its amortized cost, as long as no other features require bifurcation and recognition as derivatives. The update also requires the if-converted method to be used for convertible instruments and the effect of potential share settlement be included in the diluted earnings per share calculation when an instrument may be settled in cash or shares. We adopted this standard effective on August 1, 2022, the beginning of fiscal 2023, using the modified retrospective method. In accordance with the adoption of ASU 2020-06 and using the modified retrospective method, prior period amounts have not been adjusted. For further information, refer to Convertible Senior Notes section in this Note 1, Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.

Business Combinations

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]

Business Combinations

Canonic Security Technologies Ltd.

On February 20, 2023, we completed the acquisition of Canonic Security Technologies Ltd. ("Canonic"), an early-stage technology company incorporated in Israel. We plan to integrate this company's technology into our cloud platform. Pursuant to the terms of the purchase agreement, the aggregate purchase price consideration was approximately $16.5 million in cash. Additionally, certain Canonic employees who became our employees are entitled to receive deferred merger consideration payable in the form of shares of our common stock. These awards are subject to time-based vesting and will be recognized as stock-based compensation expense during the post-combination period. In connection with this acquisition, we completed a valuation of the acquired identifiable assets as of February 20, 2023. The allocation of the purchase price consideration resulted in the recognition of $10.6 million of goodwill and $5.1 million of developed technology. The acquired developed technology was valued using a replacement cost approach, which is based on the cost of a market participant to reconstruct a substitute asset of comparable utility. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price paid over the fair value of the net assets acquired and is primarily attributable to the acquired workforce and expected operating synergies. Both goodwill and acquired developed technology are not deductible for income tax purposes. The acquisition related transaction costs were not material and recorded within general and administrative expenses in fiscal 2023. The acquisition qualified as a stock transaction for tax purposes. As a result, we recognized a net deferred tax asset for approximately $0.8 million, generated primarily from a deferred tax asset from net operating losses netted with the deferred tax liability from the

difference between the tax basis and fair value of the acquired developed technology, which decreased goodwill by the same amount.

The allocation of the purchase price consideration consisted of the following:


	Amount		Estimated Useful Life

	(in thousands)
Assets acquired:
Cash, cash equivalents and other assets	$	673
Acquired intangible assets:
Developed technology	5,100		5 years
Deferred tax asset	781
Goodwill	10,645
Total	$	17,199
Liabilities assumed:
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities	$	692
Total	$	692

Total purchase price consideration	$	16,507

ShiftRight, Inc.

On June 17, 2022, we completed the acquisition of ShiftRight, Inc. (“ShiftRight”), an early-stage technology company incorporated in the United States. We have integrated this company’s technology into our cloud platform. Pursuant to the terms of the purchase agreement, the aggregate purchase price was approximately $25.6 million in cash. Additionally, certain of ShiftRight's employees who became our employees are entitled to receive deferred merger consideration payable in the form of shares of our authorized common stock and restricted stock units. These awards are subject to time-based vesting and will be recognized as stock-based compensation expense during the post-combination period. In connection with this acquisition, we completed a valuation of the acquired intangible assets as of June 17, 2022. The purchase price allocation resulted in the recognition of $18.7 million of goodwill and $7.1 million of developed technology. The developed technology was valued using a replacement cost approach, which is based on the cost of a market participant to reconstruct a substitute asset of comparable utility. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price paid over the fair value of the net assets acquired and is primarily attributable to the acquired workforce and expected operating synergies. Goodwill is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. We incurred approximately $0.7 million of acquisition related costs, which were recorded as general and administrative expenses in fiscal 2022.

The acquisition qualified as a stock transaction for tax purposes. As a result, we recognized a deferred tax liability of approximately $0.7 million, generated primarily from the difference between the tax basis and fair value of the acquired developed technology, which increased goodwill by the same amount. As we had a full valuation allowance as of July 31, 2022, we recorded an income tax benefit for the same amount as a result of the reduction of the valuation allowance due to establishment of the deferred tax liability in the consolidated statement of operations in fiscal 2022.

The allocation of the purchase price consideration consisted of the following:


	Amount		Estimated Useful Life

	(in thousands)
Assets acquired:
Cash and other assets	$	535
Acquired intangible assets:
Developed technology	7,100		5 years
Goodwill	18,724
Total	$	26,359
Less liabilities assumed:
Deferred tax liability	$	682
Other liabilities	99
Total	$	781

Total purchase price consideration	$	25,578

Smokescreen Technologies Private Limited

On June 1, 2021, we completed the acquisition of Smokescreen Technologies Private Limited (“Smokescreen”), a technology company incorporated in India. Smokescreen developed an active defense and deception technology, which has been integrated into our cloud platform, further building upon our ability to detect sophisticated, highly targeted attacks, ransomware and lateral movement attempts.

Pursuant to the terms of the stock purchase agreement, the aggregate purchase price was approximately $11.7 million in cash. In connection with this acquisition, we completed a valuation of the acquired intangible assets as of June 1, 2021, in order to allocate the purchase price consideration. The purchase price allocation resulted in the recognition of $5.7 million of goodwill, $5.6 million of developed technology and $2.1 million of customer relationships. The developed technology was valued using a replacement cost approach, which is based on the cost of a market participant to reconstruct a substitute asset of comparable utility. The customer relationships were also valued using the replacement cost approach, which is based on the cost a market participant would incur to generate the acquired portfolio of customers. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price paid over the fair value of the net assets acquired and is primarily attributable to the acquired workforce and expected operating synergies. Both goodwill and acquired intangible assets will be fully deductible for income tax purposes. We incurred approximately $0.5 million of acquisition related costs, which were recorded as general and administrative expenses in fiscal 2021.

The acquisition qualified as a stock transaction for tax purposes. As a result, we recognized a deferred tax liability of approximately $1.6 million, generated primarily from the difference between the tax basis and fair value of the acquired developed technology, which increased goodwill by the same amount.

The allocation of the purchase price consideration consisted of the following:


	Amount		Estimated Useful Life

	(in thousands)
Assets acquired:
Cash and other assets	$	1,347
Acquired intangible assets:
Developed technology	5,600		5 years
Customer relationships	2,100		5 years
Goodwill	5,686
Total	$	14,733
Less liabilities assumed:
Deferred tax liability	$	1,558
Other liabilities	1,516
Total	$	3,074

Total purchase price consideration	$	11,659

Trustdome Limited

On April 15, 2021, we completed the acquisition of Trustdome Limited (“Trustdome”), a technology company incorporated in Israel. Trustdome developed a cloud infrastructure entitlement management solution, which has been integrated into our cloud platform, further building upon our ability to provide a comprehensive solution for reducing public cloud attack surfaces and improving security posture. With this acquisition, we also expanded our global footprint with our first development center in Israel.

Pursuant to the terms of the purchase agreement, the aggregate purchase price was approximately $31.1 million in cash. Additionally, certain of Trustdome's employees who became our employees are entitled to receive deferred merger consideration payable in the form of shares of our authorized common stock and restricted stock units. These awards are subject to time-based vesting and will be recognized as stock-based compensation expense during the post-combination period.

In connection with this acquisition, we completed a valuation of the acquired intangible assets as of April 15, 2021, in order to allocate the purchase price consideration. The purchase price allocation resulted in the recognition of $23.2 million of goodwill and $7.2 million of developed technology. The developed technology was valued using a replacement cost approach, which is based on the cost of a market participant to reconstruct a substitute asset of comparable utility. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price paid over the fair value of the net assets acquired and is primarily attributable to the acquired workforce and expected operating synergies. Both goodwill and acquired developed technology will be fully deductible for income tax purposes. We incurred approximately $0.4 million of acquisition related costs, which were recorded as general and administrative expenses in fiscal 2021.

The acquisition qualified as a stock transaction for tax purposes. As a result, we recognized a deferred tax liability for approximately $0.6 million, generated primarily from the difference between the tax basis and fair value of the acquired developed technology, which increased goodwill by the same amount.

The allocation of the purchase price consideration consisted of the following:


	Amount		Estimated Useful Life

	(in thousands)
Assets acquired:
Cash and other assets	$	1,611
Acquired intangible assets:
Developed technology	7,200		5 years
Goodwill	23,232
Total	$	32,043
Less Liabilities assumed:
Deferred tax liability	$	624
Other liabilities	277
Total	$	901

Total purchase price consideration	$	31,142

Other Business Combinations

In November 2021, we completed a business acquisition for a total purchase price consideration of $2.1 million, consisting of $0.4 million paid in cash at closing and the issuance of shares of our common stock with an aggregate fair value of $1.7 million at closing. Additionally, certain former employees of the acquired company who became our employees are entitled to receive additional consideration in the form of shares of our common stock subject to future employment services. These awards are recognized as stock-based compensation expense during the post-combination period. Based on the valuation of the acquired intangible assets, the allocation of the purchase price consideration resulted in the recognition of $1.6 million of developed technology and $0.8 million of goodwill. The developed technology is amortized over its economic useful life of 5.0 years. Goodwill is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.

The acquisition qualified as a stock transaction for tax purposes. As a result, we recognized a deferred tax liability for approximately $0.4 million, generated primarily from the difference between the tax basis and fair value of the acquired developed technology, which increased goodwill by the same amount. As we had a full valuation allowance as of July 31, 2022, we recorded an income tax benefit as a result of the reduction of the valuation allowance due to the establishment of the deferred tax liability in the consolidated statement of operations in fiscal 2022.

Pro Forma Financial Information

The pro forma financial information from the above business acquisitions, assuming the acquisition had occurred as of the beginning of the fiscal year prior to the fiscal year of the acquisition, as well as revenue and earnings generated during the current fiscal year, were not material for disclosure purposes.

Stock-Based Compensation - Narrative (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands, shares in Millions	1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Jul. 31, 2023 USD ($) period $ / shares shares	Jul. 31, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Jul. 31, 2021 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares available for grant (in shares) \| shares		27.9
Options exercised, aggregate intrinsic value		$ 56,459	$ 230,100	$ 421,800
Weighted average grant date fair value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares		$ 152.99
Unrecognized compensation cost, weighted-average		2 years 10 months 24 days
Fair value of contingent consideration		$ 3,800	17,000
Reversal of stock-based compensation		444,834	409,562	258,535
Unrecognized compensation cost		1,184,800
Capitalized stock-based compensation		17,200	11,500	6,300
Research and development
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Incremental stock-based compensation		6,000
Reversal of stock-based compensation		117,915	118,299	67,803
Sales and marketing
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Incremental stock-based compensation		1,300
Reversal of stock-based compensation		215,597	$ 191,091	$ 133,115
President
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Reversal of stock-based compensation		$ (9,900)
Unvested RSUs and shares of common stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period		4 years
Unvested RSUs and shares of common stock \| One year anniversary
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period		1 year
Vesting rights, percentage		25.00%
2018 Plan \| Common Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares available for issuance (in shares) \| shares		45.8
2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan \| Employee Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares available for issuance (in shares) \| shares		8.8
Shares available for grant (in shares) \| shares		4.7
Duration of offering period		24 months
Number of purchases periods \| period		4
Duration of purchase periods		6 months
Shares issued (in shares) \| shares		0.4	0.3	0.3
Weighted-average purchase price per share (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares		$ 99.59	$ 108.61	$ 75.92
Cash proceeds from the issuance of common stock		$ 42,300	$ 34,600	$ 25,700
Accrued compensation		$ 7,400	$ 4,700
Incremental stock-based compensation	$ 8,300
2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan \| Employee Stock \| Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation cost, weighted-average	6 months
2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan \| Employee Stock \| Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation cost, weighted-average	18 months

Restructuring and Other Charges (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2023

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Schedule of Restructuring Activities

The following table presents the activity of the restructuring liability for fiscal 2023:


	Restructuring Liability

	(in thousands)
Balance as of July 31, 2022	$	—
Charges, excluding stock-based compensation expense	6,565
Payments	(5,520)
Balance as of July 31, 2023	$	1,045

Derivative Instruments - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
Derivative [Line Items]
Unrealized losses related to our cash flow hedges	$ 10,200
Gain (loss) recognized on cash flow hedges	11,103	$ (20,130)	$ (228)
Hedge accounting fair value adjustments	8,306	0
Long-term Debt
Derivative [Line Items]
Hedged liability, fair value hedge	496,400
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional amount	182,900	126,400
Designated as Hedging Instrument
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional amount	457,600	$ 293,400
Interest Rate Swap
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional amount	$ 500,000
Minimum \| Foreign Currency Contracts \| Not Designated as Hedging Instrument
Derivative [Line Items]
Term of derivative	1 month
Maximum
Derivative [Line Items]
Term of derivative	21 months
Maximum \| Foreign Currency Contracts \| Not Designated as Hedging Instrument
Derivative [Line Items]
Term of derivative	4 months

Revenue Recognition - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Deferred revenue	$ 1,439.7	$ 1,021.1
Contract with customer, liability, revenue recognized	919.9	570.3	$ 335.5
Revenue, remaining performance obligation	$ 3,513.6
Capitalized contract cost, amortization period	5 years
Accrued sales commissions	$ 48.0	$ 47.2
Minimum
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Payment terms	30 days
Contract with customer, term of contract	1 year
Maximum
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Payment terms	90 days
Contract with customer, term of contract	3 years
Transferred Over Time \| Product Concentration Risk \| Subscription and Support \| Revenue Benchmark
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Concentration risk percentage	97.00%	97.00%	97.00%

Income Taxes - Schedule of Income before Income Tax (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022	Jul. 31, 2021
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Domestic	$ (228,715)	$ (413,148)	$ (275,189)
International	46,151	29,518	18,011
Loss before income taxes	$ (182,564)	$ (383,630)	$ (257,178)

- Definition

Amount of income (loss) from continuing operations, including income (loss) from equity method investments, before deduction of income tax expense (benefit), and income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest.

+ References

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+ Details